本文選題：車載自組織網絡　切入點：多跳　出處：《南京郵電大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來，我國車輛數量的快速增長給城市交通帶來了很多問題，這使得車載自組織網絡技術越來越受到人們的關注。通過車輛間自由的組網通信，車載自組織網絡能夠實現交通安全信息、道路狀況信息和娛樂消息等的實時高效傳輸，解決行車安全、道路擁堵等問題。然而，由于車載自組織網絡獨特的網絡特性以及各種各樣的應用所需的性能指標不同，使得設計出適用于所有場景的消息分發(fā)算法變得十分困難。本文主要研究車載自組織網絡中不同應用場景下基于多跳的消息分發(fā)算法，主要研究工作包括以下內容： 首先，針對車載自組織網絡中與交通安全、交通狀況相關的應用場景，本文對基于鄰居信息的廣播機制進行改進，提出一種多跳廣播抑制算法NIMBS，利用車輛的鄰居信息同時結合車輛的位置、行駛速度和方向形成鄰居節(jié)點的有序序列，并最終確定接收車輛的轉發(fā)等待時間。仿真結果表明該算法相比于類似抑制算法具有更低的數據包丟失率和時延，，有效地解決了廣播算法存在的可擴展性、數據傳輸冗余以及廣播風暴等問題。 其次，在道路處于自由連通狀態(tài)的前提下，研究了基于車輛速度的多車道連通概率分析模型。該模型將實際的多車道場景轉換成每車道以相同速度行駛的虛擬多車道場景，并根據前人的分析結果推導出確切的道路連通概率計算表達式。經過大量的仿真實驗，結果表明基于車輛速度的多車道連通概率分析模型與實際情況的趨勢保持一致。 最后，針對單播等端到端的消息分發(fā)場景，本文在上述分析模型基礎上提出一種基于連通度概率感知的多跳消息分發(fā)算法CPAM。宏觀層次上，算法關注網絡連通度，利用基于車輛速度的多車道的分析模型計算各路段的連通概率，選擇連通度高的路段進行消息的分發(fā)過程。而微觀層次上，算法利用基于鄰居信息的多跳廣播抑制算法進行各路段的數據包傳輸，快速地將數據包從路段入口轉發(fā)到路段出口。仿真結果表明，CPAM在數據包交付率以及時延性能上均優(yōu)于帶緩存的GPSR協議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid growth of the number of vehicles in China has brought a lot of problems to the urban traffic, which makes the vehicle-borne ad hoc network technology more and more attention.Through the free network communication between vehicles, the vehicle-borne ad hoc network can realize the real-time and efficient transmission of traffic safety information, road condition information and entertainment information, and solve the problems of traffic safety, road congestion and so on.However, due to the unique network characteristics of vehicle-mounted ad hoc networks and the different performance indicators required by various applications, it is very difficult to design a message distribution algorithm suitable for all scenarios.In this paper, we mainly study the multi-hop message distribution algorithm in different application scenarios in vehicle-borne ad hoc networks. The main research work includes the following contents:First of all, this paper improves the broadcast mechanism based on neighbor information in view of the application scenarios related to traffic safety and traffic conditions in the vehicle-borne ad hoc network.A multi-hop broadcast suppression algorithm (NIMBSs) is proposed, in which the neighbor information of the vehicle is combined with the vehicle location, speed and direction to form an ordered sequence of neighbor nodes, and the forwarding waiting time of the receiving vehicle is finally determined.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has lower packet loss rate and delay than the similar suppression algorithm, and effectively solves the scalability, data transmission redundancy and broadcast storm problems of the broadcast algorithm.Secondly, the multi-lane connectivity probability analysis model based on vehicle speed is studied under the condition that the road is in a free connectivity state.The model converts the actual multi-lane scene into a virtual multi-lane scenario with the same speed of each lane, and deduces the exact expression of the road connectivity probability based on the previous analysis results.After a lot of simulation experiments, the results show that the multi-lane connectivity probability analysis model based on vehicle speed is consistent with the actual situation.Finally, for the end-to-end message distribution scenario of unicast, this paper proposes a multi-hop message distribution algorithm CPAM based on connectivity probability perception based on the above analysis model.At the macro level, the algorithm focuses on network connectivity, uses the multi-lane analysis model based on vehicle speed to calculate the connectivity probability of each section, and selects the section with high connectivity to distribute messages.At the micro level, the algorithm uses the multi-hop broadcast suppression algorithm based on neighbor information to transmit the data packets from the entrance to the exit of the section.The simulation results show that the GPSR protocol is superior to the GPSR protocol in packet delivery rate and delay performance.
【學位授予單位】：南京郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495;U463.67

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本文編號：1722860