本文選題：應急情況　切入點：交叉口信號控制　出處：《蘭州交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市交通信號控制是一個長期以來倍受關(guān)注的問題，大到城市規(guī)劃，小到市民出行。特別需要指出的是應急情況下的交通控制，，城市的突發(fā)性事件在近幾年數(shù)量不斷地增多，例如 5·12汶川地震‖的類似特殊情況發(fā)生時，在緊急疏散的同時還要進行緊急救援，以便盡可能快的將處于危險中的人員轉(zhuǎn)移到安全或有醫(yī)療設施的地點，減少因得不到及時救助而受到深度傷害甚至死亡的機會。我們將疏散車輛和救援車輛統(tǒng)稱為應急車輛，由于應急車輛運行的緊急性，通常希望它們盡可能快的到達救援地點或醫(yī)療場所。然而，現(xiàn)在普遍存在的交通擁堵使得應急車輛很難迅速、安全的到達目的地，而且應急車輛的運行可能會進一步加劇交通擁堵，甚至造成新的事故。為保證應急車輛的平穩(wěn)運行可以從兩個層次入手考慮：第一個是網(wǎng)絡層次，其任務是確定起終點之間的最快路線，使應急車輛可以沿著該路線盡快到達目的地；第二個是交叉口層次，其要求是保證車輛安全迅速的通過交叉口。盡管網(wǎng)絡層次是要尋找車輛運行的最短路線，相對比較容易，但是目前的研究集中在交叉口信號控制方面。所以本文針對應急情況下的城市信號交叉口控制方式做具體分析。 首先，分析國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。分析交叉口控制的模型和方法，借鑒已有經(jīng)驗找出解決本課題的方法模型，結(jié)合當前應急情況下的交通現(xiàn)狀，找出合理的交通模型；并通過結(jié)合分析傳統(tǒng)的信號控制和現(xiàn)代控制技術(shù)給出混合Petri網(wǎng)模型控制的概念。其次，本文對應急情況、應急車輛、應急車流做了理論研究，給出不考慮應急情況的交叉口延誤分析。理論界定使問題的分析更加具有針對性，同時明確應急車輛有限通過信號交叉口的條件，并且對一般情況下城市交通系統(tǒng)中通過信號交叉口的車輛做延誤分析。再次，建立應急情況下城市信號交叉口的混合Petri網(wǎng)模型。分析Petri網(wǎng)模型，建立城市信號交叉口混合Petri網(wǎng)模型，并對應急情況下交叉口信號控制Petri模型做進一部分析。最后，采用遺傳算對模型進行演算，并計算機軟件Matlab（R2009a）仿真。提出優(yōu)先控制策略，并將應急情況下的交叉口信號Petri網(wǎng)模型同不考慮應急情況的信號控制延誤做對比分析。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic signal control is a problem that has been paid more attention for a long time, ranging from urban planning to citizen travel.In particular, it should be pointed out that traffic control in emergency situations. The number of sudden incidents in cities has been increasing in recent years. For example, when similar special circumstances occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake of No. 5 12, emergency rescue should be carried out at the same time as emergency evacuation.In order to move people at risk to safe or medical facilities as quickly as possible, and reduce the chances of deep injury or even death due to lack of timely assistance.We call evacuation vehicles and rescue vehicles as emergency vehicles. Because of the emergency operation of emergency vehicles, they are usually expected to reach the rescue site or medical site as soon as possible.However, the existing traffic jams make it difficult for emergency vehicles to reach their destination quickly and safely, and the operation of emergency vehicles may further aggravate traffic congestion and even cause new accidents.In order to ensure the smooth operation of the emergency vehicle, we can consider from two levels: the first is the network level, its task is to determine the fastest route between the terminal points, so that the emergency vehicle can reach the destination as soon as possible along the route;The second is the level of intersection, whose requirement is to ensure that vehicles pass through intersections safely and quickly.Although the network level is relatively easy to find the shortest route of vehicle operation, the current research focuses on intersection signal control.Therefore, this paper makes a specific analysis on the control mode of urban signalized intersection under the emergency situation.First of all, the current situation of domestic and foreign research is analyzed.This paper analyzes the model and method of intersection control, finds out the method model to solve this problem by referring to the existing experience, and finds out the reasonable traffic model according to the current traffic situation in emergency situation.Combined with traditional signal control and modern control technology, the concept of hybrid Petri net model control is presented.Secondly, this paper makes a theoretical study on emergency situation, emergency vehicle and emergency vehicle flow, and gives the analysis of intersection delay without considering emergency situation.The theoretical definition makes the analysis of the problem more pertinent, at the same time, the condition of the emergency vehicles passing through the signalized intersection is clear, and the delay analysis of the vehicles passing through the signalized intersections in the urban traffic system is made in general.Thirdly, a hybrid Petri net model of urban signalized intersection is established.The Petri net model is analyzed, and the mixed Petri net model of urban signalized intersection is established, and the Petri model of intersection signal control under emergency condition is analyzed.Finally, genetic algorithm is used to calculate the model and computer software Matlab / R 2009a is used to simulate the model.The priority control strategy is proposed, and the model of intersection signal Petri net in emergency situation is compared with the signal control delay without considering the emergency situation.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54

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