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  本文選題：小間距隧道　切入點：爆破施工　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著交通基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)的飛速發(fā)展,鐵路復(fù)線隧道、城市雙線隧道、在既有隧道附近以及中間開挖新隧道等工程的不斷涌現(xiàn),出現(xiàn)了許多小間距隧道。目前,由于山嶺隧道本身的環(huán)境特點,鉆爆法仍然是其最主要的施工方法。在小間距隧道施工過程中,爆破開挖會不可避免地對鄰近隧道圍巖和支護結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性造成巨大損害。因此,研究和控制爆破對小間距隧道圍巖和襯砌穩(wěn)定性的不利影響成為隧道工程和爆破工程亟待解決的重點和難點問題。 本文運用巖土彈塑性力學(xué)理論分析了小間距隧道的受力機理,運用巖石爆破力學(xué)的分析方法推導(dǎo)了小間距隧道爆炸應(yīng)力波的傳播方程和隧道邊墻的運動方程,并以北京懷柔區(qū)頭道穴小間距隧道為工程背景,在收集和分析了大量爆破監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,利用ANSYS有限元軟件建立實際工程的三維有限元模型,運用瞬態(tài)動力分析方法對爆破荷載作用下的小間距隧道動力響應(yīng)進行分析,主要取得的研究成果如下： (1)通過現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的對比,驗證了有限元模型參數(shù)取值的正確性,并通過對有限元模型動力響應(yīng)結(jié)果的分析,得到了先行隧道襯砌的位移、振動速度以及應(yīng)力的變化規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)了隧道拱腳處和輪廓不連續(xù)處易出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中,確定了先行隧道的迎爆側(cè)邊墻和中巖柱位置是小間距隧道爆破作用下的薄弱部位,應(yīng)對此處進行重點監(jiān)測和保護； (2)通過對比分析不同工序下先行隧道襯砌的振動速度、位移和應(yīng)力的動力響應(yīng)結(jié)果,驗證了先行隧道預(yù)留迎爆側(cè)下臺階土體對減小隧道最大振速的良好效果,提出了有利于小間距隧道減震隔震的開挖工序。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic infrastructure, there are many small spacing tunnels in railway double-track tunnels, urban double-track tunnels, excavation of new tunnels in the vicinity of existing tunnels and in the middle, and so on.At present, because of the environmental characteristics of mountain tunnel itself, drilling and blasting method is still the most important construction method.In the process of small spacing tunnel construction, blasting excavation will inevitably cause great damage to the stability of surrounding rock and supporting structure of adjacent tunnel.Therefore, to study and control the adverse effects of blasting on the surrounding rock and lining stability of small spacing tunnels has become an important and difficult problem to be solved urgently in tunnel engineering and blasting engineering.In this paper, the stress mechanism of small spacing tunnel is analyzed by using the theory of geotechnical elastic-plastic mechanics, and the propagation equation of explosion stress wave and the motion equation of side wall of tunnel are derived by the method of rock blasting mechanics.On the basis of collecting and analyzing a large number of blasting monitoring data, the 3D finite element model of practical engineering is established by using ANSYS finite element software, taking the small spacing tunnel of Tou Dao Cave in Huairou District, Beijing as the engineering background.The transient dynamic analysis method is used to analyze the dynamic response of small spacing tunnels under blasting load. The main research results are as follows:1) through the comparison between the field monitoring data and the numerical simulation results, the correctness of the parameters of the finite element model is verified, and the displacement of the tunnel lining is obtained through the analysis of the dynamic response results of the finite element model.The variation law of vibration velocity and stress shows that stress concentration is easy to occur at the arch foot and discontinuous contour of the tunnel, and the position of the side wall and the middle rock column of the first tunnel is the weak part under the blasting action of the small spacing tunnel.Priority monitoring and protection should be carried out here;2) by comparing and analyzing the dynamic response results of vibration velocity, displacement and stress of tunnel lining under different working procedures, it is proved that the soil of the lower step of the reserved blasting side of the advance tunnel can reduce the maximum vibration velocity of the tunnel.The excavation procedure is put forward which is beneficial to the isolation of small spacing tunnels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.41;U452.1

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