本文選題：可變車道　切入點(diǎn)：潮汐車流　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,人民的生活水平不斷提高,城市交通擁堵現(xiàn)象也與日俱增。交通擁堵的治理與改善的重要研究?jī)?nèi)容,是當(dāng)前國(guó)際交通領(lǐng)域中的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。其中可變車道的應(yīng)用更是改善交通環(huán)境,提高道路利用率的一種重要途徑。在城市道路建設(shè)有限資源的情況下,充分挖掘合理利用城市道路的現(xiàn)有資源是緩解城市交通擁堵狀況的有效手段,尤其是在上下班高峰時(shí)段車流緩慢甚至堵車的情況,在廣州天河區(qū)的各大主干道經(jīng)�？梢�,因此在這些路段實(shí)施可變車道改善道路擁堵,有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)研究意義。 本文通過對(duì)廣州市天河區(qū)的路網(wǎng)現(xiàn)狀的分析,歸納總結(jié)了天河區(qū)各大主干道的道路狀況,并通過實(shí)地調(diào)研及從交警部門獲取相關(guān)的道路數(shù)據(jù),通過數(shù)據(jù)分析得出各主干道的交通流量時(shí)間分布特性以及雙向車道的交通流量分布系數(shù)。根據(jù)天河區(qū)的實(shí)際路網(wǎng)情況,利用交通仿真仿真軟件Paramics中的Modeller模塊建立天河區(qū)主干路網(wǎng)。根據(jù)時(shí)間特性選取仿真起訖時(shí)間,并對(duì)早晚高峰時(shí)間段內(nèi)的交通流數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析處理,得到初始的路網(wǎng)仿真數(shù)據(jù),再通過Estimator模塊進(jìn)行OD矩陣的估計(jì),完成路網(wǎng)的需求設(shè)置進(jìn)行仿真。仿真后,利用Analyser模塊調(diào)出仿真報(bào)告,根據(jù)仿真報(bào)告中的數(shù)據(jù),分析得出路網(wǎng)的擁堵情況及等級(jí)。然后分析路網(wǎng)的中的主干道是否達(dá)到可變車道的實(shí)施條件,對(duì)滿足實(shí)施條件且車道雙方向交通流量存在極不均衡現(xiàn)象、雙向車道分布系數(shù)差異較大的主干道實(shí)施可變車道的改善策略,通過分析得出廣州大道和科韻路均可實(shí)施可變車道進(jìn)行擁堵改善,對(duì)廣州大道以及科韻路分布提出可變車道的實(shí)施方案,并通過對(duì)比篩選最優(yōu)方案,并在Paramics中按照最優(yōu)方案設(shè)置可變車道進(jìn)行仿真試驗(yàn),并通過Analyser模塊得出實(shí)施可變車道后的仿真報(bào)告。最后通過對(duì)實(shí)施可變車道方案前后的仿真報(bào)告對(duì)比,從報(bào)告中提取出車輛平均速度以及平均延誤時(shí)間兩項(xiàng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比,判斷改善方法的可行性。 通過兩次仿真的對(duì)比,最終可得出結(jié)論,在早晚高峰時(shí)段,即在工作日的“7：00-9：00”以及“17：00-19：00”兩個(gè)時(shí)段,對(duì)廣州大道及科韻路實(shí)施可變車道方案,對(duì)交通擁堵的治理有明顯效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, urban traffic congestion is increasing day by day.The important research content of traffic congestion management and improvement is one of the research hotspots in the field of international traffic.The application of variable lane is an important way to improve traffic environment and improve road utilization ratio.In the case of limited resources for urban road construction, it is an effective means to make full use of the existing resources of urban roads to alleviate the traffic congestion, especially during the rush hour, when the traffic flow is slow or even traffic jams.The main roads in Tianhe District of Guangzhou are often visible, so the implementation of variable lanes in these sections to improve road congestion has a certain practical significance.Based on the analysis of the road network status in Tianhe District of Guangzhou City, this paper summarizes the road status of the main roads in Tianhe District, and obtains relevant road data from traffic police departments through field investigation.Through the data analysis, the time distribution characteristics of traffic flow and the traffic flow distribution coefficient of two-way lanes are obtained.According to the actual road network in Tianhe area, the main road network in Tianhe area is established by using the Modeller module of traffic simulation software Paramics.According to the time characteristics, the simulation start time is selected, and the traffic flow data in the morning and evening rush hours are analyzed and processed, and the initial road network simulation data are obtained, and then the OD matrix is estimated by Estimator module.The requirements of the road network are set up and simulated.After the simulation, the simulation report is sent out by using Analyser module. According to the data in the simulation report, the congestion situation and the grade of the road network are analyzed.Then it analyzes whether the main road in the road network meets the implementation conditions of the variable lane, which has a very uneven phenomenon to meet the implementation conditions and the traffic flow of both sides of the carriageway to the traffic.The main road with different bidirectional lane distribution coefficient implements the improvement strategy of variable lane. Through the analysis, it is concluded that both Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road can implement variable lane congestion improvement.The implementation scheme of variable lane is put forward for the distribution of Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road, and the optimal scheme is screened by comparison, and the simulation experiment is carried out in Paramics according to the optimal scheme.And through the Analyser module to get the implementation of the variable lane simulation report.Finally, through the comparison of the simulation report before and after the implementation of the variable lane scheme, the average speed and the average delay time of the vehicle are extracted from the report for analysis and comparison, and the feasibility of the improved method is judged.Through the comparison of two simulations, it is concluded that in the morning and evening rush hour, that is, "7: 00-9: 00" and "17: 00-19: 00" on weekdays, the implementation of variable lane scheme for Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road has obvious effect on traffic congestion management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.265

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