本文選題：時間窗　切入點(diǎn)：快遞車輛調(diào)度　出處：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：快遞是指快遞企業(yè)使用陸運(yùn)、空運(yùn)等運(yùn)輸方式對客戶貨物進(jìn)行快速投遞的活動過程,是一種門對門的物流活動。國務(wù)院印發(fā)的《物流業(yè)發(fā)展中長期規(guī)劃(2014—2020年)》中提到提高物流配送效率和專業(yè)化服務(wù)水平和完善一批快遞轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心,對快遞行業(yè)的發(fā)展提出了新的要求。隨著電子商務(wù)和快遞行業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,快遞業(yè)務(wù)量大幅增長,為了提高客戶滿意度,城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心需要對客戶的動態(tài)需求做出快速反應(yīng)。優(yōu)化客戶分區(qū)以及車輛調(diào)度對降低成本和提高客戶滿意度具有重大意義。本文以時間窗約束下的快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題為研究對象,使用Solomon啟發(fā)式算法和改進(jìn)K-means聚類算法,以及Matlab和Arc View GIS等研究工具,對是否采用“二程接駁”以及改進(jìn)“二程接駁”的快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度模型進(jìn)行了研究,主要研究工作及成果總結(jié)如下： (1)綜述了車輛調(diào)度問題。給出了車輛調(diào)度問題在國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,討論了車輛調(diào)度問題的構(gòu)成要素和分類,綜述了求解車輛調(diào)度問題的現(xiàn)代啟發(fā)式算法。 (2)研究了無接駁快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題。通過對快遞企業(yè)的取送貨現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行提煉,構(gòu)建無接駁快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題模型。在該問題中,所有車輛每天必須中途返回城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心一次,卸載所收攬的快遞件。車輛第二次返回城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心的時間不得早于規(guī)定的最早返回時間。在構(gòu)建該問題的數(shù)學(xué)模型基礎(chǔ)上,采用Solomon插入啟發(fā)式算法求解無接駁快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題。 (3)研究了基于“二程接駁”快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,為了減少取送貨車輛往返城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心的次數(shù),降低行駛路程,將“二程接駁”運(yùn)用到快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題,構(gòu)建了基于“二程接駁”快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題模型。在該問題中,所有取送貨每天只需返回城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心一次,且不能早于企業(yè)規(guī)定的最早返回時間；有一定數(shù)量的接駁車輛負(fù)責(zé)取送貨車輛的接駁任務(wù),接駁車輛返回城市轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心的時間不得晚于規(guī)定的最晚返回時間。 (4)研究了改進(jìn)“二程接駁”快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題。本文針對在基于“二程接駁”快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題模型中,接駁車輛每天閑置時間較長、使用率不高的情況,提出了改進(jìn)“二程接駁”快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題模型。在該問題中,不再單獨(dú)設(shè)置接駁車輛,從執(zhí)行取送貨的車輛中選取某幾輛車執(zhí)行接駁任務(wù)。 (5)研究了快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題的應(yīng)用。根據(jù)W快遞公司為本文研究所提供的實(shí)例數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行了無接駁、“二程接駁”和改進(jìn)“二程接駁”三類快遞車輛動態(tài)調(diào)度問題的應(yīng)用研究。本文采用Solomon插入算法進(jìn)行模型的求解。通過實(shí)例分析驗(yàn)證了本文提出的改進(jìn)“二程接駁”快遞車輛調(diào)度問題模型的有效性和應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Express delivery refers to the process in which express delivery enterprises use transportation methods such as ground transportation, air transportation, etc., to deliver goods to customers quickly. It is a door-to-door logistics activity. The medium- and long-term plan for the development of the logistics industry 2014-2020, issued by the State Council, mentions improving the efficiency of logistics distribution and specialized service levels and perfecting a number of express transportation centers. With the rapid development of e-commerce and express delivery industry, the volume of express delivery business has increased significantly, in order to improve customer satisfaction, The city transit center needs to respond to the customers' dynamic demand quickly. Optimizing the customer partition and vehicle scheduling is of great significance to reduce the cost and improve the customer satisfaction. This paper uses the time window to restrict the express delivery vehicle movement. State scheduling problem is studied. Using Solomon heuristic algorithm and improved K-means clustering algorithm, as well as research tools such as Matlab and Arc View GIS, the dynamic dispatching model of express delivery vehicle is studied whether to adopt "two-way connection" or to improve "two-way connection". The main findings of the study are summarized as follows:. (1) the vehicle scheduling problem is summarized, the research status of vehicle scheduling problem at home and abroad is given, the constituent elements and classification of vehicle scheduling problem are discussed, and the modern heuristic algorithm for solving vehicle scheduling problem is summarized. 2) the dynamic scheduling problem of express delivery vehicle without feeder is studied. By refining the present situation of pick-up and delivery in express delivery enterprises, the dynamic scheduling problem model of express delivery vehicle without connection is constructed. In this problem, All vehicles must return to the urban transit center once a day and unload the received courier. The second return of the vehicle to the city transit center must not be earlier than the earliest specified return time. On the basis of the mathematical model of the problem, Solomon insertion heuristic algorithm is used to solve the dynamic dispatch problem of express delivery vehicle without connection. The dynamic dispatching problem of express delivery vehicle based on "two way connection" is studied in this paper. Based on the previous research, in order to reduce the frequency of taking delivery vehicle to and from the city transit center and reduce the driving distance, In this paper, a dynamic dispatching model of express vehicle based on "two-lane connection" is constructed by applying "two-lane connection" to express vehicle dynamic scheduling problem. In this problem, all pick-up deliveries only need to return to the urban transit center once a day. And it can not be earlier than the earliest return time stipulated by the enterprise; there are a certain number of feeder vehicles responsible for picking up the delivery vehicles, and the time of returning to the city transit center is not later than the prescribed time of return. In this paper, the dynamic scheduling problem of improved "two-lane connection" express delivery vehicle is studied. In the model of dynamic dispatching of express vehicle based on "two-lane connection", the idle time of connecting vehicle is longer every day and the utilization rate is not high. In this paper, an improved dynamic dispatching model for express delivery vehicles is proposed. In this problem, the connecting vehicles are no longer set up separately, and some vehicles are selected from the vehicles carrying out pick-up and delivery to carry out the connecting tasks. (5) the application of dynamic dispatching problem of express delivery vehicle is studied. According to the example data provided by W express company for this study, The application research of three kinds of express vehicle dynamic scheduling problems without connection, "two way connection" and improved "two way connection" is carried out. In this paper, Solomon insertion algorithm is used to solve the model. The proposed method is verified by example analysis. The effectiveness and application value of improving the model of "two-way connection" express delivery vehicle scheduling problem are improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U492.22;F253

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