發(fā)布時間：2018-03-26 21:31

  本文選題：子午嶺林區(qū)　切入點：生態(tài)防護　出處：《武漢理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，高速公路和隧道等項目的建設導致了大量土方開挖，破壞了原有的植被，打破了原有的生態(tài)平衡。裸露的巖土邊坡如果不進行防護，容易造成水土流失，生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞，邊坡失穩(wěn)，甚至塌方等一系列問題，帶來巨大的損失。生態(tài)護坡技術結合巖土工程、生態(tài)恢復工程、植物學等多學科領域研究成果，利用植物涵水固土的原理對巖土邊坡進行防護。生態(tài)護坡技術兼顧邊坡的穩(wěn)定性與植被的恢復，同時具有美化環(huán)境、維護生態(tài)生態(tài)平衡的作用。雖然屬于新興的邊坡防護形式，但其發(fā)展迅速，也是未來邊坡防護工程的主要發(fā)展方向。 本文在研究國內(nèi)外大量有關生態(tài)防護和固土植物物種以及邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析的文獻資料的基礎上，以甘肅省子午嶺林區(qū)雷西高速公路邊坡生態(tài)防護項目為背景，探討適合該地域的生態(tài)防護的植物物種及對邊坡穩(wěn)定性的影響。 首先，對現(xiàn)有黃土地區(qū)的邊坡防護形式進行分析，并且通過對現(xiàn)有的生態(tài)防護形式的技術比選，提出該區(qū)域合理的生態(tài)防護形式。然后調查該地區(qū)其他高速公路的邊坡防護采取的植物，并結合子午嶺林區(qū)自身的植被分布特性，并參照相關文獻資料，提出適合該研究區(qū)域的生態(tài)防護植物物種。 其次，對于選取的生態(tài)防護形式和植物物種，在現(xiàn)場選取典型邊坡進行土中應力和位移的實時監(jiān)測，并且通過與素土邊坡的對比來驗證生態(tài)防護的效果。 再次，對工程實體模型和根系模型進行簡化，建立有限差分模型并計算，分別對局部模型有無植物根系的邊坡應力場進行分析和比較，結果表明根系可以降低淺層土體中的應力水平，即生態(tài)防護的效果受到植物根系深度的影響。 最后，利用強度折減法，對整體邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析，得出含根邊坡和素土邊坡的安全系數(shù)。結果表明植物根系對超出根系影響范圍的深層滑坡沒有明顯加固作用，但植物防護后淺層土體的塑性應變和水平位移值都有所降低，可以看出生態(tài)防護對淺層邊坡應力的改善及穩(wěn)定性是有利的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development of our country, the construction of highway and tunnel has led to a large number of earthwork excavation, destroyed the original vegetation, destroyed the original ecological balance, if the bare rock and soil slope is not protected, It is easy to cause a series of problems, such as soil erosion, ecological environment damage, slope instability, and even collapse, which bring huge losses. Ecological slope protection technology combines with the research results of geotechnical engineering, ecological restoration engineering, botany and other multi-disciplinary fields, such as geotechnical engineering, ecological restoration engineering, botany and so on. Using the principle of plant culvert water and soil to protect rock and soil slope, ecological slope protection technology takes into account the stability of slope and the restoration of vegetation, at the same time, it has the function of beautifying the environment and maintaining ecological balance. Although it belongs to the emerging form of slope protection, However, its rapid development is also the main development direction of slope protection engineering in the future. Based on the study of a large number of literatures on ecological protection, soil-fixing plant species and slope stability analysis at home and abroad, this paper takes the ecological protection project of Lei Xi expressway slope in Ziwuling forest area of Gansu Province as the background. To study the plant species suitable for ecological protection in this area and its influence on slope stability. First of all, through the analysis of the existing slope protection forms in loess areas, and through the comparison of the existing ecological protection forms, The reasonable ecological protection form in this area is put forward. Then the plants used in slope protection of other expressway in this area are investigated, and the vegetation distribution characteristics of Ziwuling forest area are combined with the reference to relevant literature. Ecological protected plant species suitable for the study area are proposed. Secondly, for the selected ecological protection form and plant species, select the typical slope in the field to carry on the real-time monitoring of the stress and displacement in the soil, and verify the effect of ecological protection by comparing with the plain soil slope. Thirdly, the engineering entity model and the root model are simplified, the finite difference model is established and calculated, and the stress field of the slope with or without plant roots in the local model is analyzed and compared. The results showed that root system could reduce the stress level in shallow soil, that is, the effect of ecological protection was affected by the depth of plant root system. Finally, by using the strength reduction method, the stability of the whole slope is analyzed, and the safety factors of the root slope and the plain soil slope are obtained. The results show that the plant root system has no obvious effect on the deep landslide beyond the influence of the root system. But the plastic strain and horizontal displacement of shallow soil are decreased after plant protection. It can be seen that ecological protection is beneficial to the improvement and stability of shallow slope stress.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U417.12

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