本文選題：連拱隧道　切入點：壓力拱　出處：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著我國鐵路、公路和城市地鐵的蓬勃發(fā)展，連拱隧道修建的數(shù)量也日趨增多。在大量建設(shè)的同時，設(shè)計和施工中的很多問題也暴露出來，因此有必要對其圍巖壓力計算方法展開研究。本文首先依據(jù)隧道彈塑性力學(xué)理論，采用數(shù)值模擬分析的方法，研究了隧道圍巖內(nèi)壓力拱的形成規(guī)律，從而得到了單洞隧道圍巖壓力的計算方法，隨后又討論了施工過程對圍巖壓力的影響，進而得到了連拱隧道的圍巖壓力計算方法。論文主要研究工作及成果如下： (1)運用數(shù)值模擬軟件建立單洞隧道的二維平面模型，研究壓力拱的傳力機理，以彈塑性理論為依據(jù)，確定出壓力拱的影響范圍，并進一步確定出壓力拱的內(nèi)外邊界。壓力拱內(nèi)邊界的判斷條件為：將切向應(yīng)力曲線與原巖應(yīng)力曲線相交的位置為壓力拱的內(nèi)邊界，如果開挖前后的切向應(yīng)力不存在交點，則以隧道輪廓作為內(nèi)邊界。壓力拱外邊界的判斷條件為：將開挖后的切向應(yīng)力與原巖應(yīng)力做差值，若得到的差值曲線的駐點前后斜率均很小，曲線平滑且穩(wěn)定，則認(rèn)為拱頂以上土體形成了有效的壓力拱，差值曲線的駐點處即為壓力拱的外邊界。 (2)根據(jù)壓力拱的受力機理研究，確定出基于壓力拱理論的圍巖壓力計算方法。該方法認(rèn)為圍巖壓力由二個部分組成：一部分為壓力拱內(nèi)邊界以下的松動土體在自重的作用下產(chǎn)生的圍巖壓力，另一部分為壓力拱內(nèi)部由于形變產(chǎn)生的圍巖壓力。并參照Winkler模型的理論，詳細闡述了由于壓力拱的形變產(chǎn)生的圍巖壓力的計算方法。最后將這一計算方法與規(guī)范推薦的公式進行了比較與分析。 (3)基于壓力拱理論的圍巖壓力計算方法會受到隧道埋深、隧道的跨度以及圍巖物理力學(xué)參數(shù)等多個因素的影響，運用敏感性分析將以上因素進行逐個比較可以得到每個因素對圍巖壓力影響的強弱�？紤]到隧道的圍巖壓力是由多個因素共同作用下的結(jié)果，為了找出各個因素與圍巖壓力的關(guān)系需要進行大量的相關(guān)計算，，由于考慮的因素較多，為了能在不影響分析結(jié)果的前提下減少試驗次數(shù)，將正交試驗作為研究手段，最后運用MATLAB軟件的多元線性回歸計算模塊對正交試驗得到的數(shù)據(jù)進行分析，得出便于工程實際應(yīng)用的圍巖壓力計算公式。 (4)考慮施工過程對圍巖壓力的影響，利用有限元軟件模擬隧道施工過程，主要分析先行導(dǎo)洞的形成對后行導(dǎo)洞上方圍巖產(chǎn)生的擾動，進而對后行導(dǎo)洞圍巖壓力的影響。隨后將考慮施工影響的隧道圍巖壓力計算結(jié)果與相同條件下單洞隧道的圍巖壓力計算結(jié)果進行比較，以圍巖壓力的比值作為連拱隧道施工過程的影響系數(shù)，最后將影響系數(shù)添加到基于壓力拱理論的單洞隧道圍巖壓力計算公式中，得出適用于連拱隧道的圍巖壓力計算公式。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of railway, highway and urban subway in our country, the number of multi-arch tunnels is increasing day by day. At the same time, many problems in design and construction are also exposed. Therefore, it is necessary to study the calculation method of surrounding rock pressure. Firstly, according to the theory of elastic-plastic mechanics of tunnel, the formation law of pressure arch in tunnel surrounding rock is studied by using numerical simulation analysis method. Thus, the calculation method of surrounding rock pressure of single-hole tunnel is obtained, then the influence of construction process on surrounding rock pressure is discussed, and the calculation method of surrounding rock pressure of multi-arch tunnel is obtained. The main research work and results are as follows:. 1) the two-dimensional plane model of single-hole tunnel is established by using numerical simulation software, and the force transfer mechanism of pressure arch is studied. Based on elastic-plastic theory, the influence range of pressure arch is determined. The internal and external boundary of the pressure arch is further determined. The judgment condition of the inner boundary of the pressure arch is that the position where the tangential stress curve intersects with the original rock stress curve is the inner boundary of the pressure arch, if there is no intersection point between the tangential stress before and after excavation, Then the tunnel contour is taken as the inner boundary. The judgment condition of the external boundary of the pressure arch is as follows: the difference between the tangential stress after excavation and the stress of the original rock is made, if the slope of the difference curve before and after the stop point is very small, the curve is smooth and stable. It is considered that the soil above the arch has formed an effective pressure arch, and the rest point of the difference curve is the outer boundary of the pressure arch. 2) according to the stress mechanism of the pressure arch, The calculation method of surrounding rock pressure based on the theory of pressure arch is established. The method considers that the pressure of surrounding rock is composed of two parts: one is the pressure of the loose soil below the inner boundary of the pressure arch under the action of self-weight. The other part is about the surrounding rock pressure caused by deformation in the pressure arch, and referring to the theory of Winkler model, The calculation method of surrounding rock pressure caused by deformation of pressure arch is described in detail. Finally, the calculation method is compared and analyzed with the formula recommended by the code. 3) the calculation method of surrounding rock pressure based on pressure arch theory will be affected by many factors, such as tunnel depth, tunnel span and physical and mechanical parameters of surrounding rock, etc. Using sensitivity analysis to compare the above factors one by one, we can get the influence of each factor on the surrounding rock pressure, considering that the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel is the result of the combined action of many factors. In order to find out the relationship between various factors and surrounding rock pressure, a large number of relevant calculations are needed. Because there are many factors to be considered, in order to reduce the number of tests without affecting the analysis results, orthogonal test is regarded as a research method. Finally, the data obtained by orthogonal test are analyzed by using the multivariate linear regression calculation module of MATLAB software, and the calculation formula of surrounding rock pressure is obtained, which is convenient for engineering application. (4) considering the influence of construction process on surrounding rock pressure, the tunnel construction process is simulated by finite element software, and the disturbance of the formation of pilot tunnel to surrounding rock above the rear guide tunnel is analyzed. Then, the influence of surrounding rock pressure on the surrounding rock pressure of the rear guide tunnel is compared with that of the single tunnel under the same conditions, and the calculation results of the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel considering the influence of construction are compared with that of the single tunnel under the same conditions. The ratio of surrounding rock pressure is taken as the influence coefficient of the construction process of multi-arch tunnel. Finally, the influence coefficient is added to the calculation formula of surrounding rock pressure of single-hole tunnel based on pressure arch theory, and the calculation formula of surrounding rock pressure suitable for multi-arch tunnel is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U452.1

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