本文選題：船舶撞擊　切入點(diǎn)：分離式模型　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著交通運(yùn)輸事業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,船橋相撞的事故屢屢發(fā)生,已受到越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注和研究。本文基于多種力學(xué)理論和數(shù)值模擬技術(shù),采用LS-DYNA軟件,研究了橋墩遭受船舶撞擊時(shí)的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)及其變化規(guī)律,并討論了各撞擊參數(shù)對(duì)橋墩動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的影響;總結(jié)了前人對(duì)防撞結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)思路,并設(shè)計(jì)了橋墩防撞結(jié)構(gòu);通過(guò)研究船舶撞擊橋墩防撞結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng),對(duì)比分析了防撞結(jié)構(gòu)的有效性,并討論了各碰撞參數(shù)對(duì)橋墩和船舶動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的影響。本文的主要研究工作和研究成果如下:(1)借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了橋墩分離式附加質(zhì)量模型和船舶模型,并模擬了船舶撞擊橋墩的全過(guò)程。通過(guò)分析碰撞過(guò)程中橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)發(fā)現(xiàn):墩柱的位移會(huì)滯后于承臺(tái);樁基在與承臺(tái)連接處和土體頂面處會(huì)出現(xiàn)高應(yīng)力區(qū)。(2)對(duì)水位、樁基縱筋直徑和樁基直徑進(jìn)行了參數(shù)分析,對(duì)比了不同工況下橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng),得到以下結(jié)論:隨著水位的增加,橋墩的位移、樁基頂部截面的剪力和彎矩以及船艏的撞深也會(huì)隨之增加;隨著樁基縱筋直徑和樁徑地增加,橋墩的位移會(huì)顯著減少,橋墩的變形回彈速度和船艏的撞深會(huì)顯著增加。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了本文中的橋墩防撞結(jié)構(gòu),并比較了船舶撞擊橋墩防撞結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)與直接撞擊橋墩時(shí),橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)。分析發(fā)現(xiàn):防撞結(jié)構(gòu)能夠在撞擊中起到很好的緩沖作用,能夠顯著的減少傳遞給橋墩的碰撞力;添加防撞結(jié)構(gòu)后,橋墩和船舶在撞擊時(shí)的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)會(huì)顯著降低。(4)討論了水位、碰撞位置、防撞結(jié)構(gòu)外鋼圍強(qiáng)度和橡膠硬度對(duì)撞擊結(jié)果的影響,得到以下結(jié)論:碰撞力峰值和橋墩動(dòng)力響應(yīng)會(huì)隨著水位的增加而增加,船艏撞深差別較小;船舶撞擊防撞結(jié)構(gòu)斜面時(shí),橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)較正碰時(shí)大幅度減小;隨著防撞結(jié)構(gòu)外鋼圍強(qiáng)度的增加,橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)都會(huì)隨之增大,船艏撞深受外鋼圍強(qiáng)度的影響更顯著;橡膠的硬度過(guò)高和過(guò)低時(shí),橋墩和船舶的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)都會(huì)較大,說(shuō)明橡膠硬度應(yīng)合理選取。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic and transportation, the accidents of collision of ships and bridges occur frequently and have been paid more and more attention and research. Based on various mechanics theories and numerical simulation techniques, this paper adopts LS-DYNA software. In this paper, the dynamic response of pier subjected to ship impact and its variation law are studied, and the influence of impact parameters on the dynamic response of pier is discussed, and the design ideas of anti-collision structure are summarized, and the anti-collision structure of pier is designed. By studying the dynamic response of the pier and the ship when the ship impacts on the bridge pier, the effectiveness of the anti-collision structure is compared and analyzed. The influence of collision parameters on the dynamic response of bridge piers and ships is discussed. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: 1) with the help of ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the separated additional mass model and ship model of bridge pier are established. Through the analysis of the dynamic response of the pier and the ship during the collision, it is found that the displacement of the pier column will lag behind that of the cap, and the high stress zone of pile foundation will appear at the joint with the cap and at the top of the soil mass) to the water level, and the analysis of the dynamic response of the pier and the ship during the collision process shows that the displacement of the pier column will lag behind that of the pile cap. The dynamic responses of piers and ships under different working conditions are compared. The conclusions are as follows: with the increase of water level, the displacement of piers is increased. The shear force and bending moment of the top section of the pile foundation and the collision depth of the bow will also increase, and the displacement of the pier will be significantly reduced with the increase of the diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement and the diameter of the pile. The deformed springback velocity of pier and the collision depth of bow will be significantly increased.) the anti-collision structure of pier in this paper is designed, and the collision resistant structure of the bridge pier is compared when the ship hits the pier anti-collision structure with the direct impact on the pier. The dynamic response of bridge piers and ships. It is found that the anti-collision structure can play a good buffer role in the impact, can significantly reduce the impact force transferred to the pier, after adding the anti-collision structure, The effects of water level, impact location, external steel girth strength and rubber hardness on the impact results are discussed. The conclusions are as follows: the peak value of collision force and the dynamic response of pier will increase with the increase of water level, and the difference of bow collision depth will be small, and the dynamic response of pier and ship will decrease greatly when the ship impacts on the oblique deck of anti-collision structure. With the increase of external steel girth strength of anti-collision structure, the dynamic response of bridge piers and ships will increase, and the impact of bow collision on steel girth strength will be more obvious, and when rubber hardness is too high and too low, the dynamic response of piers and ships will be larger. It shows that rubber hardness should be reasonably selected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3;U443.26

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王君杰;姜華;;深水高樁嵌巖橋墩抗撞能力分析[J];防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工程學(xué)報(bào);2011年02期

2 吳永固;耿波;汪宏;;橋梁船撞動(dòng)力有限元數(shù)值模擬分析[J];重慶交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2010年05期

3 谷音;劉晶波;杜義欣;;三維一致粘彈性人工邊界及等效粘彈性邊界單元[J];工程力學(xué);2007年12期

4 杜旭升;;6·15九江大橋船撞事故引發(fā)的思考[J];中國(guó)海事;2007年09期

5 王君杰;陳誠(chéng);;橋墩在船舶撞擊作用下的損傷仿真研究[J];工程力學(xué);2007年07期

6 劉晶波;谷音;杜義欣;;一致粘彈性人工邊界及粘彈性邊界單元[J];巖土工程學(xué)報(bào);2006年09期

7 朱艷峰;劉鋒;黃小清;李麗娟;;橡膠材料的本構(gòu)模型[J];橡膠工業(yè);2006年02期

8 袁迎春;賴偉;王君杰;胡世德;;Morison方程中動(dòng)水阻力項(xiàng)對(duì)橋梁樁柱地震反應(yīng)的影響[J];世界地震工程;2005年04期

9 李曉芳,楊曉翔;橡膠材料的超彈性本構(gòu)模型[J];彈性體;2005年01期

10 王偉,鄧濤,趙樹(shù)高;橡膠Mooney-Rivlin模型中材料常數(shù)的確定[J];特種橡膠制品;2004年04期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 黃信;水—橋墩動(dòng)力相互作用機(jī)理及深水橋梁非線性地震響應(yīng)研究[D];天津大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 黃飛;船舶撞擊下連續(xù)梁橋的橋墩動(dòng)力響應(yīng)及整橋局部倒塌研究[D];天津大學(xué);2014年

2 律文田;靜動(dòng)荷載作用下鐵路橋梁樁基的動(dòng)力特性研究[D];中南大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號(hào)：1659940