本文選題：運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)　切入點(diǎn)：距離經(jīng)濟(jì)　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：旅客運(yùn)輸作為運(yùn)輸形式中的一種，具有運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)品的共性-強(qiáng)可替代性特點(diǎn)。因此，各種客運(yùn)方式都在想方設(shè)法相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以爭(zhēng)取客源，在一條運(yùn)輸線路上公路、鐵路和民航同時(shí)涉足的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生。雖然這樣可以為旅客出行提供多種選擇，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，不利于旅客運(yùn)輸市場(chǎng)的整體良性發(fā)展，會(huì)造成運(yùn)輸資源的浪費(fèi)和運(yùn)輸?shù)牟唤?jīng)濟(jì)。由于各種運(yùn)輸方式具有其特有的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)特點(diǎn)，因此每種運(yùn)輸方式都有其經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距，運(yùn)輸距離包含在該經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距范圍之內(nèi)，運(yùn)輸過程就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，而運(yùn)輸距離超過或者不足于其經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距，運(yùn)輸過程就難以實(shí)現(xiàn)其經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。同時(shí)，道路客運(yùn)在整個(gè)旅客運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)中占據(jù)重要地位，每年完成的客運(yùn)量、旅客周轉(zhuǎn)量在整個(gè)客運(yùn)市場(chǎng)中都占絕對(duì)分量。因此，以道路客運(yùn)為對(duì)象，研究其經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距對(duì)于完善運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)理論具有重要的理論意義，同時(shí)對(duì)于規(guī)范道路客運(yùn)市場(chǎng)乃至整個(gè)旅客運(yùn)輸市場(chǎng)都具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。 本文以道路旅客運(yùn)輸為研究對(duì)象，引用與運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的道路運(yùn)輸規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)、幅員經(jīng)濟(jì)及距離經(jīng)濟(jì)理論以及道路客運(yùn)理論，結(jié)合道路運(yùn)輸平均運(yùn)距、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距相關(guān)分析，同時(shí)參考并借鑒測(cè)量運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距的傳統(tǒng)方法，，提出采用廣義費(fèi)用研究道路客運(yùn)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距的研究思路，并從理論和實(shí)踐兩方面對(duì)其可行性進(jìn)行論證，最后通過分析道路客運(yùn)廣義費(fèi)用的因素構(gòu)成及量化方法、相關(guān)參數(shù)權(quán)重系數(shù)設(shè)定等最終構(gòu)建出基于廣義費(fèi)用的道路客運(yùn)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距測(cè)量模型，采用數(shù)學(xué)方法對(duì)其求解，并以京滬客班線為例進(jìn)行實(shí)例驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Passenger transport, as a form of transport, has the commonness of transport products-strong substitutability. Therefore, various modes of passenger transport are trying their best to compete with each other in order to win over the source of passengers and take the road on a transportation line. The simultaneous involvement of railways and civil aviation has occurred from time to time. Although this can provide a variety of options for passengers to travel, in the long run, it is not conducive to the overall sound development of the passenger transport market. Each mode of transport has its own economic distance, which is included in the economic distance. The transportation process will achieve good economic benefits, and the transportation distance will be more than or less than its economic distance, and the transportation process will be difficult to realize its economic benefits. At the same time, road passenger transport plays an important role in the whole passenger transport system. The volume of passenger traffic and the volume of passenger turnover account for the absolute part in the whole passenger transport market every year. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance to study the economic distance of road passenger transportation for perfecting the theory of transportation economic system. At the same time, it has important guiding significance for standardizing the road passenger transport market and even the whole passenger transport market. This paper takes the road passenger transportation as the research object, uses the road transportation scale economy, the size economy and the distance economy theory and the road passenger transport theory, combines the road transportation average distance, the economic transportation distance correlation analysis. At the same time, referring to the traditional method of measuring the economic transportation distance, the paper puts forward the research idea of using the generalized cost to study the economic transportation distance of the road passenger transport, and proves its feasibility from both the theory and the practice. Finally, by analyzing the factor composition and quantification method of the road passenger transport generalized cost, and setting up the relevant parameter weight coefficient, the economic distance measurement model of the road passenger transport based on the generalized cost is constructed, and the mathematical method is used to solve the model. And take the Beijing-Shanghai passenger-class line as an example to verify the case.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F542

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