本文選題：光纖傳感技術(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：施工監(jiān)控　出處：《河南工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會(huì)隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，道路橋梁的需求與日俱增，橋梁作為交通紐帶，其發(fā)展十分迅猛且數(shù)量急增，特別是隨著大跨度橋梁建設(shè)更是蓬勃發(fā)展，使建設(shè)任務(wù)更加艱巨，施工的技術(shù)難度更大，，施工的技術(shù)水平要求更高，這在近十年來(lái)我國(guó)的交通建設(shè)，特別是橋梁建設(shè)中表現(xiàn)得越來(lái)越明顯。而橋梁施工監(jiān)控技術(shù)作為保證橋梁施工質(zhì)量和安全的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，影響著整個(gè)橋梁的施工過(guò)程和日后的營(yíng)運(yùn)階段。對(duì)橋梁實(shí)施監(jiān)控的主要目的是橋梁施工過(guò)程中的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力和變形進(jìn)行調(diào)控，確保其控制在設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范允許的一定范圍之內(nèi)。因此，橋梁施工監(jiān)控已經(jīng)成為橋梁建設(shè)過(guò)程中必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)和措施。 然而普通的傳感器在惡劣的施工環(huán)境中成活率極低，受環(huán)境影響較大，精度低，工作壽命短，信號(hào)傳輸距離近，無(wú)法組建大規(guī)模的監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等缺陷，使得監(jiān)控過(guò)程中采集的數(shù)據(jù)精度極低，對(duì)施工監(jiān)控的實(shí)施很不利。相反光纖光柵傳感器則有著很好的穩(wěn)定性，在惡劣的施工環(huán)境中抗干擾腐蝕能力，且與傳統(tǒng)分散型的傳感器相比，光纖傳感器可以多個(gè)串聯(lián)成一個(gè)光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)。本文引進(jìn)了光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)，以南水北調(diào)大橋G107輔道為依托工程，對(duì)左、右兩輔道有針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行了橋梁施工監(jiān)控的技術(shù)研究。 首先，運(yùn)用有限元軟件MIDAS/CIVIL，根據(jù)前進(jìn)算法和倒退算法相結(jié)合的特點(diǎn)，建立了相應(yīng)的施工過(guò)程仿真分析模型，給出施工過(guò)程中結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力及變形的仿真分析結(jié)果，用于指導(dǎo)施工監(jiān)測(cè)。 其次，通過(guò)Kalman濾波法原理對(duì)施工監(jiān)控過(guò)程中的立模標(biāo)高進(jìn)行調(diào)整和預(yù)測(cè)，總結(jié)出施工監(jiān)控過(guò)程中線形控制過(guò)程，最終使成橋后的變形和結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力控制在設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范允許范圍之內(nèi)。 最后，根據(jù)光纖光柵傳感器的工作原理，分別在左幅和右幅建立了光纖傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)和普通傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的施工監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，并對(duì)每一階段的應(yīng)力、溫度及撓度進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)的監(jiān)測(cè)，通過(guò)左右幅的數(shù)據(jù)比較分析，鎖定影響施工過(guò)程的主要因素，得出相應(yīng)的控制措施。 本文通過(guò)在新建梁橋的應(yīng)力監(jiān)測(cè)中采用光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)，在有限元模擬的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)與普通傳感器所測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)比較。表明光纖光柵傳感器在橋梁應(yīng)力監(jiān)測(cè)中可行性，為以后橋梁的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變監(jiān)測(cè)提供了新方法。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of economy, the demand of road and bridge is increasing day by day. As a transportation link, the development of bridge is very swift and rapid, especially with the rapid development of long-span bridge, which makes the construction task more arduous. The technical difficulty of construction is greater, and the technical level of construction is more demanding. This has been the traffic construction in our country in the past ten years. Especially, the bridge construction is becoming more and more obvious, and the bridge construction monitoring technology is the key technology to ensure the quality and safety of the bridge construction. The main purpose of monitoring the bridge is to control the internal force and deformation of the structure during the bridge construction, to ensure that the control is within a certain range permitted by the design code. Bridge construction monitoring has become an indispensable link and measures in the process of bridge construction. However, the survival rate of ordinary sensors in the harsh construction environment is extremely low, which is greatly affected by the environment, with low accuracy, short working life, short signal transmission distance, and the inability to set up a large-scale monitoring network. The precision of the data collected in the monitoring process is extremely low, which is very unfavorable to the implementation of construction monitoring. On the contrary, the fiber grating sensor has good stability and anti-interference and corrosion ability in the harsh construction environment. Compared with the traditional distributed sensor, the fiber optic sensor can be connected in series to form a single fiber optic sensor network. In this paper, the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology is introduced, which is based on the G107 auxiliary road of the South-to-North Water transfer Bridge. The technical research of bridge construction monitoring is carried out on the right two auxiliary roads. Firstly, according to the characteristics of forward algorithm and retrogression algorithm, the simulation analysis model of construction process is established by using the finite element software Midas / CIVIL. the results of simulation analysis of internal force and deformation of structure in construction process are given. Used to guide construction monitoring. Secondly, through the principle of Kalman filter to adjust and predict the elevation of vertical formwork in the construction monitoring process, the linear control process in the construction monitoring process is summarized. Finally, the deformation and internal force of the bridge are controlled within the allowable range of the design code. Finally, according to the working principle of fiber Bragg grating sensor, the construction monitoring system of fiber optic sensor network and ordinary sensor network are established in the left and right amplitude respectively, and the stress, temperature and deflection of each stage are monitored in real time. By comparing and analyzing the data of left and right amplitudes, the main factors affecting the construction process are locked and the corresponding control measures are obtained. In this paper, the fiber Bragg grating sensor technology is used in the stress monitoring of the new beam bridge. On the basis of finite element simulation, the data measured by the fiber Bragg grating sensor is compared with that of the common sensor. It is shown that the fiber grating sensor is feasible in the bridge stress monitoring. It provides a new method for monitoring the stress and strain of bridges in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U445.4

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