本文選題：橋梁損傷識(shí)別　切入點(diǎn)：小波分析　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文是基于國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃973項(xiàng)目(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)：2013CB036203)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目《基于車橋耦合振動(dòng)分析的橋梁損傷診斷方法研究》(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)：51078029)的研究成果之一。 橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在服役中會(huì)出現(xiàn)損傷病害從而影響其使用壽命和行車安全,這就使得研究損傷橋梁的動(dòng)力特性以及對(duì)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)進(jìn)行損傷診斷尤為必要。在傳統(tǒng)的各種基于振動(dòng)理論的無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)中,存在著各種缺陷,如較難獲得精準(zhǔn)的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),或是需要暫時(shí)中斷交通等。如何對(duì)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行快速有效的損傷識(shí)別成為目前工程界關(guān)注的課題之一。 本文研究了損傷橋梁的動(dòng)力特性,用基于小波分析的方法識(shí)別出結(jié)構(gòu)損傷,并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和創(chuàng)新成果如下： (1)在比較了幾種常用的損傷模型的基礎(chǔ)上,以扭轉(zhuǎn)彈簧模型模擬橋梁的裂縫損傷,用結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)方程對(duì)裂縫橋梁進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,研究了損傷橋梁的模態(tài)特性,如自振頻率、振型等。理論推導(dǎo)了裂縫損傷梁在移動(dòng)力和移動(dòng)質(zhì)量作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng),通過數(shù)值算例,研究了在不同荷載大小和荷載速度等因素下?lián)p傷梁的動(dòng)力特性。推導(dǎo)了移動(dòng)質(zhì)量和輪對(duì)-簧上質(zhì)量?jī)煞N模型下簡(jiǎn)支梁有載頻率的數(shù)值求解方法。 (2)在介紹了小波理論的基礎(chǔ)上,探討了基于結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)和連續(xù)小波變換的橋梁損傷識(shí)別方法。以損傷結(jié)構(gòu)的位移模態(tài)為輸入,對(duì)其進(jìn)行連續(xù)小波變換,用小波系數(shù)灰度圖和小波系數(shù)模極大值軌跡圖識(shí)別出損傷位置,并利用可以評(píng)價(jià)信號(hào)奇異性特征的Lipschitz指數(shù)來評(píng)價(jià)損傷程度�？疾炝瞬煌瑩p傷程度、多損傷位置的識(shí)別、不同模態(tài)階數(shù)、稀疏布置測(cè)點(diǎn)以及噪聲的影響,比較了Euler梁和Timoshenko梁的損傷識(shí)別結(jié)果的異同。 (3)用位移互等定理和影響線理論證明了移動(dòng)荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)的位移時(shí)程在荷載通過損傷位置時(shí)存在奇異性。提出了基于移動(dòng)荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)的損傷識(shí)別方法。以移動(dòng)荷載通過橋梁時(shí)梁上某一測(cè)點(diǎn)的位移響應(yīng)時(shí)程為輸入,對(duì)其進(jìn)行連續(xù)小波變換,通過小波系數(shù)灰度圖和小波系數(shù)模極大值軌跡圖識(shí)別損傷的位置,并用Lipschitz指數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)損傷程度。通過數(shù)值算例研究了該損傷識(shí)別方法的有效性,考察了不同程度損傷、多位置損傷下的損傷識(shí)別,研究了不同測(cè)點(diǎn)位置、荷載速度以及荷載大小等因素對(duì)識(shí)別結(jié)果的影響。此外,用一個(gè)模型試驗(yàn)對(duì)該損傷識(shí)別方法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該方法具有很好的實(shí)用性。 (4)將曲率模態(tài)差法應(yīng)用到識(shí)別空間結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷中,提出了基于曲率模態(tài)差的系桿拱橋吊桿損傷識(shí)別方法�？疾靸蓚�(gè)吊桿面內(nèi)各個(gè)吊桿與拱橋主梁結(jié)合點(diǎn),對(duì)其正對(duì)稱和反對(duì)稱豎向彎曲的曲率模態(tài)差進(jìn)行分析,通過綜合比對(duì),識(shí)別出損傷吊桿,并考慮了一定程度噪聲的影響。 (5)以曲率的概念和小波分析理論為基礎(chǔ),提出了小波包能量曲率差的損傷定位指標(biāo)。以橋梁損傷前后各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)在沖擊振動(dòng)下的加速度響應(yīng)為輸入,對(duì)其進(jìn)行小波包分解,構(gòu)造出小波包能量曲率差來進(jìn)行損傷定位并研究了稀疏測(cè)點(diǎn)布置的影響。此外,利用一個(gè)實(shí)際的簡(jiǎn)支梁進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,考察了小波函數(shù)和小波分解層數(shù)對(duì)損傷識(shí)別結(jié)果的影響。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the national key basic research development plan 973 Project (project number: 2013CB036203) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, which is one of the research results of bridge damage diagnosis method based on vehicle bridge coupled vibration analysis (item number: 51078029).
The bridge structure will be damaged and affect its service life and traffic safety in service, which makes the research on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge and the damage of the bridge structure damage diagnosis timely is necessary. In the traditional kinds of nondestructive testing based on the technology of vibration theory, the existence of various defects, such as it is difficult to obtain accurate test data, or need to temporarily interrupt traffic. How to bridge damage identification quickly and effectively has become one of the subject in engineering circles at present.
In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of damaged bridges are studied, and structural damage is identified based on wavelet analysis.
(1) based on comparing several damage models in common use, the torsion spring model to simulate the crack damage of the bridge, the modal analysis of the cracks of the bridge structure dynamic equation, the modal characteristics of the bridge damage, such as natural frequency, vibration mode and so on. The theory derived the power beam with crack damage force and moving mass response, through numerical example, study the dynamic characteristics of the beam damage factors of different loads and load speed. Deduced the moving mass and the wheel - sprung mass two models with numerical methods for solving the beam carrier rate.
(2) based on the theory of wavelet transform, discusses the structure mode and the bridge damage identification method based on continuous wavelet transform. The displacement modal for input, continuous wavelet transform of the wavelet coefficients and gray image wavelet coefficients modulus maxima trajectory identify damage location, and can use evaluation of singular signal feature of Lipschitz index to evaluate the degree of injury. The effects of different degree of injury, damage location identification, different modes, sparse arrangement of measuring points and the influence of the noise, and compares the identification results of Euler beam and Timoshenko beam.
(3) with reciprocal displacement theorem and the influence of line theory proves the existence of singularity under moving load structure displacement through the damage location in the load. The damage identification method of structure response under moving load. Based on the moving load through the bridge to a point on the beam displacement response time history as input, continuous wavelet transform is applied to the maximum trajectory identification of damage location by wavelet coefficients and wavelet coefficients of gray image, and use the Lipschitz index to evaluate the degree of injury. Through the numerical example to study the damage identification method is effective, the effects of different degree of damage, damage identification of damage location study on the different location, speed and load, impact load and other factors on the recognition result. In addition, to verify the method of damage identification using a model test, the test results show the party The law has good practicality.
(4) the modal curvature difference method is used to identify the spatial structure damage, put forward the tied arch bridge damage identification method based on curvature mode difference. The influences of two boom boom and girder arch bridge surface in each combination, on the symmetric and antisymmetric vertical bending curvature mode difference are analyzed, through the comprehensive comparison, identify the damage suspender, and considering the influence of noise.
(5) the concept and the theory of wavelet analysis of curvature as the foundation, proposed a damage orientation index of wavelet packet energy curvature difference. The bridge before and after the damage of each node under impact vibration acceleration as input, the wavelet packet decomposition, construct the difference to the damage location and influence on the sparse arrangement of measuring points the wavelet packet energy curvature. In addition, experiments are carried out using a simply supported beam on the wavelet function and wavelet decomposition effect of layers on the damage identification results.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441.4;O174.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫增壽,韓建剛,任偉新;基于小波分析的結(jié)構(gòu)損傷檢測(cè)研究進(jìn)展[J];地震工程與工程振動(dòng);2005年02期

2 李忠獻(xiàn);齊懷展;朱勁松;;基于模態(tài)曲率法的大跨度斜拉橋損傷識(shí)別[J];地震工程與工程振動(dòng);2007年04期

3 邱穎,任青文,朱建華;基于小波奇異性的梁結(jié)構(gòu)損傷診斷[J];工程力學(xué);2005年S1期

4 姜紹飛;張帥;;基于模糊神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)融合結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識(shí)別方法[J];工程力學(xué);2008年02期

5 王振林;聶國(guó)華;;基于曲率模態(tài)和小波奇異性的結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識(shí)別[J];力學(xué)季刊;2008年02期

6 陸熙,霍達(dá);應(yīng)用曲率模態(tài)理論識(shí)別實(shí)橋模型損傷的研究[J];土木工程學(xué)報(bào);2005年08期

7 姜增國(guó);張楨;;基于應(yīng)變頻響函數(shù)曲率的結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識(shí)別[J];建筑科學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期

8 管德清;施立成;;基于曲率模態(tài)小波分析的單塔斜拉橋損傷識(shí)別[J];建筑科學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào);2010年01期

9 韓建剛;任偉新;孫增壽;;結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識(shí)別的小波包分析試驗(yàn)研究[J];振動(dòng)與沖擊;2006年01期

10 趙俊;張偉偉;馬宏偉;;移動(dòng)載荷作用下簡(jiǎn)支梁的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)及裂紋損傷識(shí)別研究[J];振動(dòng)與沖擊;2011年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 安寧;基于列車—橋梁耦合振動(dòng)響應(yīng)的橋梁損傷識(shí)別方法研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1613550