本文選題：橋梁工程　切入點：鉆孔灌注樁　出處：《長安大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：進入21世紀，我國經(jīng)濟持續(xù)以較快的速度發(fā)展，隨之而來的是急劇增長交通量對現(xiàn)有的公共交通設施提出了更高的要求，國家為了滿足日益增長交通量的需求不斷的加大基礎建設，每年都有上千公里高等級公路建成。部分在黃土和砂土地區(qū)修建高等級公路由于受到黃土和砂土自身結構的特殊性（摩阻力低、承載力弱、濕陷性等），會對橋梁下部樁基產(chǎn)生一系列的問題，如樁長過長、樁徑過大和后期承載力不足等，，不僅施工難度大，而且施工費用高，造成了較大的浪費。當前鉆孔灌注樁技術已得到廣泛的應用，但受樁端軟弱土層的影響會大大消弱樁基的承載力和穩(wěn)定性，尤其是黃土和砂土地區(qū)橋梁，由于其自身結構的特殊性，還會誘發(fā)橋梁樁基產(chǎn)生一系列的病害。采用后壓漿技術能有效提高樁端承載力和側摩阻力，當前該技術的應用還不夠廣泛，因為很多技術雖然在理論上已經(jīng)成熟，但相關技術規(guī)范偏少，在實際施工應用過程中因害怕操縱不當沒能起到預期效果，因此，很多人寧愿多浪費也不采用該技術。本文通過分析鉆孔灌注樁后壓漿技術的工作原理，得出通過后壓漿技術能有效提高樁底承載力和加大樁端側土的摩阻力，能夠有效縮短樁長和減小樁徑。本文以西安—咸陽機場專用高速段工程樁端后壓漿鉆孔灌注樁為工程依托，以研究鉆孔灌注樁后壓漿樁基的受力機理，為后壓漿技術的應用與推廣提供理論基礎。論文在總結當前國內外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎上，采用了理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場試驗等相結合的技術手段，對典型地區(qū)橋梁樁端后壓漿技術進行了的研究分析，研究成果為實際工程提供理論及技術指導。論文主要研究工作如下： 首先本文系統(tǒng)的分析了橋梁鉆孔灌注樁后壓漿理論和施工工藝，得出切實可行的、適合于公路橋梁建設的后壓漿施工操作規(guī)程以及質量檢驗標準，指導、規(guī)范該工藝在公路橋梁領域的應用； 進而通過數(shù)值模擬方法，在建立合理的地質力學模型和現(xiàn)場靜載荷試驗的基礎上，分析對比常規(guī)直徑公路橋梁后壓漿灌注樁與常規(guī)灌注樁樁基極限承載力、樁身內力發(fā)揮性狀等相關參數(shù)，研究公路橋梁鉆孔灌注樁后壓漿技術工作機理； 最后通過現(xiàn)場靜載試驗，對使用后壓漿和未使用壓漿的試樁進行現(xiàn)場試驗，測試在不同荷載下樁身軸力、樁側和樁端阻力各控制參量的分布情況，并對試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行對比分析，評價其實施效果，為后壓漿技術的推廣提供了技術支持。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the economy of our country continues to develop at a relatively high speed, followed by a sharp increase in traffic volume to put forward higher requirements for the existing public transport facilities. In order to meet the increasing demand for traffic volume, the state has continuously increased its infrastructure, Thousands of kilometers of high grade roads are built every year. Part of the construction of high grade roads in loess and sandy areas is due to the special structure of loess and sand (low friction, weak bearing capacity, The collapsibility and so on will cause a series of problems to the pile foundation in the lower part of the bridge, for example, the pile length is too long, the pile diameter is too large and the bearing capacity in the later stage is insufficient, so it is not only difficult to construct, but also the construction cost is high. At present, bored pile technology has been widely used, but the bearing capacity and stability of pile foundation will be greatly reduced by the influence of weak soil layer at the end of pile, especially in loess and sandy area. Because of the particularity of its own structure, it can also induce a series of diseases on the bridge pile foundation. Using post-grouting technology can effectively improve the bearing capacity of pile end and side friction resistance, but the application of this technology is not wide enough at present. Because many technologies are mature in theory, but the relevant technical specifications are on the low side, in the actual construction application process, because of fear of improper manipulation did not play the expected effect, therefore, Many people prefer to waste more than to adopt this technology. By analyzing the working principle of post-grouting technology of bored pile, it is concluded that the post-grouting technology can effectively increase the bearing capacity of pile bottom and increase the friction of pile end soil. It can effectively shorten the pile length and reduce the pile diameter. Based on the post-grouting bored pile at the end of the high-speed section of Xi'an-Xianyang Airport, this paper studies the stress mechanism of the post-grouting pile foundation of the bored pile. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the application and popularization of post-grouting technology. On the basis of summing up the current research situation at home and abroad, the paper adopts a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test, etc. The post-grouting technology of bridge pile end in typical area is studied and analyzed. The research results provide theoretical and technical guidance for practical engineering. The main research work of this paper is as follows:. First of all, this paper systematically analyzes the theory and construction technology of post-grouting of bored cast-in-place pile of bridge, and obtains practical operation rules and quality inspection standard of post-grouting construction suitable for highway bridge construction. Standardizing the application of this technology in the field of highway and bridge; On the basis of establishing reasonable geo-mechanical model and static load test in situ, the ultimate bearing capacity of post-grouting grouting pile and conventional cast-in-place pile foundation of highway bridge with conventional diameter is analyzed and compared by numerical simulation method. The working mechanism of post-grouting technology for bored piles of highway bridges is studied by using relevant parameters such as exerting properties of internal forces of piles. Finally, through the static load test on the spot, the field test is carried out on the pile with and without the post-grouting, and the distribution of the control parameters of the axial force, the resistance of the pile side and the end of the pile under different loads is tested. The experimental data are compared and analyzed to evaluate the effect of the experiment, which provides technical support for the popularization of post-grouting technology.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U445.551

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