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  本文選題：單向交通組織優(yōu)化　切入點：雙層規(guī)劃模型　出處：《吉林大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經濟的不斷發(fā)展，我國城市的機動車保有量突飛猛進，許多城市已經邁入機動化時代。盡管一些大城市的路網在不斷的增加擴建，，但是城市道路的增長速度仍然難以滿足城市快速增長的交通需求，交通擁堵問題已經成為我國大部分城市普遍存在的難題，嚴重影響了城市經濟社會的發(fā)展。 面對巨大的交通擁堵問題，人們首先想到辦法的是擴充道路，雖然擴充道路在一定程度上可以緩解交通擁堵，然而整個城市的空間是有限的，人們的生活區(qū)域不可能無限制的被道路所占用，而且擴充道路又會導致新的交通需求生成。在不斷的探索和研究中發(fā)現，單向交通作為交通組織的一種方法對于緩解交通擁堵和改善車輛運行秩序有良好的作用。觀察我國大部分城市的交通狀況可以發(fā)現，在城市干道非常擁堵的情況下，許多支路卻被閑置，沒有得到充分的利用，本文根據微循環(huán)理論，將閑置的支路進行單向交通組織，從而在分擔干道交通量和優(yōu)化路網結構的同時，真正達到緩解交通擁堵的目的。 本文通過對單向交通組織特點與設置條件的分析，根據目前我國城市道路系統(tǒng)的特點以及支路的現狀，以支路作為進行單向交通組織優(yōu)化的對象，以干道路段超限量飽和度最小、支路路段超限量飽和度最小以及優(yōu)化區(qū)域平均碳排放量最小為優(yōu)化目標，構建了單向交通組織優(yōu)化的雙層規(guī)劃模型，同時根據單向交通組織優(yōu)化的特點進行求解算法的設計，并通過實例分析該模型和算法的適用性。通過對實例論證的結果進行分析可以得出，單向交通組織優(yōu)化可以降低干道路段的飽和度，同時使支路路段得到充分的利用，且優(yōu)化后的路網更加順暢，交通得到平衡，擁堵狀況得到改善，區(qū)域內平均碳排放量減少。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social economy, the number of motor vehicles in Chinese cities is advancing by leaps and bounds, and many cities have entered the era of motorization. However, the growth rate of urban roads is still difficult to meet the rapid growth of urban traffic demand. Traffic congestion has become a common problem in most cities in China, which has seriously affected the development of urban economy and society. In the face of the huge traffic congestion problem, people first think of the way to expand the road, although the expansion of the road can alleviate the traffic congestion to a certain extent, but the space of the whole city is limited. People's living areas can't be occupied by the road without restriction, and the expansion of the road will lead to the generation of new traffic demand. One-way traffic, as a method of traffic organization, plays a good role in alleviating traffic congestion and improving the traffic order of vehicles. If we look at the traffic situation of most cities in China, we can find that when the urban trunk roads are very congested, However, many branches are idle, which are not fully utilized. According to the theory of microcirculation, this paper organizes the idle branch road one-way traffic, so as to share the traffic volume of the main road and optimize the road network structure at the same time. The aim of alleviating traffic congestion is really achieved. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and setting conditions of one-way traffic organization, according to the characteristics of urban road system and the current situation of branch roads in China, this paper takes the branch road as the object of one-way traffic organization optimization. Taking the minimum saturation of trunk road section, the minimum saturation of branch road section and the minimum average carbon emission of optimized area as the optimization goals, a bi-level programming model of one-way traffic organization optimization is constructed. At the same time, according to the characteristics of one-way traffic organization optimization, the algorithm is designed, and the applicability of the model and algorithm is analyzed by an example. The optimization of one-way traffic organization can reduce the saturation of the main road section and make full use of the branch road, and the optimized road network will be smoother, the traffic balance will be achieved, the congestion situation will be improved, and the average carbon emissions in the region will be reduced.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491

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