本文選題：黃土地區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：橋梁全壽命周期　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：黃土沖溝是黃土地區(qū)最常見的一種侵蝕地貌，而黃土沖溝岸壁在震動(dòng)、水侵等作用下容易產(chǎn)生崩塌或滑塌失穩(wěn)，這對(duì)跨黃土沖溝地區(qū)橋梁的安全使用造成了極大危害。在黃土地區(qū)，采用傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法建設(shè)的橋梁，基本上都是“重建設(shè)，輕養(yǎng)護(hù)”。由于只關(guān)注橋梁在建設(shè)時(shí)期上部和下部結(jié)構(gòu)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性，橋梁在后期的運(yùn)營(yíng)和養(yǎng)護(hù)中暴露出了諸多問題，雖然在前期節(jié)省了一定的設(shè)計(jì)和建造費(fèi)用，但后期的養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用卻十分巨大。 傳統(tǒng)的橋梁設(shè)計(jì)注重橋梁成橋時(shí)的使用性能，，注重建設(shè)期的安全和強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)，忽略使用期的結(jié)構(gòu)耐久性及使用壽命，以至于造成大量在役橋梁在使用期間出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)使用壽命短、耐久性低、后期管養(yǎng)成本過高的問題。傳統(tǒng)的橋梁設(shè)計(jì)理念已經(jīng)不符合眼下可持續(xù)發(fā)展（尤其是耐久性問題）的需要，橋梁全壽命周期設(shè)計(jì)理論的提出，開拓性地將傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)拓展到橋梁的全壽命周期，全面綜合考慮各個(gè)階段，從而使得橋梁在其壽命周期內(nèi)性能達(dá)到最優(yōu)狀態(tài)。 本文將基于國(guó)內(nèi)外已有的研究成果上，對(duì)黃土地區(qū)溝谷地形這一特殊地區(qū)的橋梁特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析，建立適于這一地區(qū)的橋梁全壽命周期設(shè)計(jì)方法以及其費(fèi)用成本模型。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1、分析黃土地區(qū)溝谷地形橋梁面臨的問題，從全壽命周期理論角度出發(fā)，提出應(yīng)著重于設(shè)計(jì)階段預(yù)測(cè)、解決后期橋梁主要病害問題。 2、結(jié)合溝谷地形特點(diǎn)，選取橋梁全壽命周期理論研究的重點(diǎn)方向，建立適應(yīng)于這一特殊地區(qū)的全壽命周期設(shè)計(jì)方法，并對(duì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究。 3、研究了黃土地區(qū)溝谷地形橋梁全壽命周期成本費(fèi)用模型，并對(duì)各項(xiàng)費(fèi)用成本進(jìn)行分析。 4、結(jié)合工程實(shí)例進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證，將橋梁全壽命周期成本設(shè)計(jì)方法應(yīng)用到這一地區(qū)橋梁的設(shè)計(jì)上，驗(yàn)證該方法的適用性。
[Abstract]:Loess gully is one of the most common erosion landforms in loess area, and loess gully bank wall is prone to collapse or collapse instability under the action of vibration and water invasion. This has done great harm to the safe use of bridges across loess gullies. In loess areas, bridges built by traditional design methods are basically "re-built," Light maintenance ". Since only paying attention to the economy of the superstructure and the substructure of the bridge during the construction period, many problems have been exposed in the later period of operation and maintenance of the bridge, although the cost of design and construction has been saved in the early stage. But later maintenance costs are enormous. The traditional bridge design pays attention to the performance of the bridge, the safety and strength design of the bridge during the construction period, and neglects the durability and service life of the structure during the service life. So that a large number of in-service bridges appear during the use of short service life, low durability, The traditional concept of bridge design has not met the needs of the current sustainable development (especially durability), and the theory of bridge life cycle design has been put forward. The traditional design is extended to the whole life cycle of the bridge and each stage is considered comprehensively so that the performance of the bridge can reach the optimal state during its life cycle. Based on the existing research results at home and abroad, this paper makes a systematic analysis of the bridge characteristics of the gully and valley topography in the loess region. The method of bridge life cycle design and its cost cost model are established. The main research contents are as follows:. The main contents are as follows: 1. The problems faced by gully and valley terrain bridges in loess region are analyzed. From the viewpoint of life-cycle theory, it is suggested that emphasis should be placed on the prediction of design stage to solve the problem of main bridge diseases in the later stage. 2. According to the characteristics of gully and valley topography, the key research direction of bridge life cycle theory is selected, and the method of life cycle design suitable for this special area is established, and the contents are studied in detail. 3. The life-cycle cost model of gully and valley bridges in loess region is studied, and the cost of each cost is analyzed. 4. The whole life cycle cost design method of the bridge is applied to the bridge design in this area, and the applicability of the method is verified by the analysis and verification of the engineering example.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441

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