本文關(guān)鍵詞： 隧道 施工技術(shù) 數(shù)值計(jì)算 沉降　出處：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)是一個(gè)多山的國(guó)家,在大力發(fā)展鐵路建設(shè)時(shí),不免要建造大量隧道,以克服平面或高程的障礙,提高線路標(biāo)準(zhǔn),降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本。敖包溝隧道是巴準(zhǔn)鐵路重點(diǎn)工程,隧道連續(xù)穿越敖家溝西梁煤礦職工宿舍、職工食堂及西梁煤礦變電站,洞頂覆土最小厚度約20 m。隧道埋深淺,跨徑大,隧道下穿過程中對(duì)地表建筑物影響大,施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很高。因此,有必要采取合理的施工方法確保敖包溝隧道下穿施工時(shí)建筑物的安全。本論文針對(duì)敖包溝隧道淺埋下穿建筑物面臨的施工問題進(jìn)行研究,分別從建筑物結(jié)構(gòu)特征,隧道開挖引起的地表變形預(yù)測(cè),隧道施工監(jiān)控量測(cè)及隧道施工引起的變形規(guī)律,隧道下穿建筑物施工爆破振動(dòng)測(cè)試規(guī)律幾個(gè)方面對(duì)這類工程問題進(jìn)行了研究,主要結(jié)論有:(1)該段隧道下穿建筑物時(shí),圍巖以軟弱土為主,自穩(wěn)能力較差,容易產(chǎn)生過大變形而引起地表過大沉降。(2)分析了地表建筑物與隧道開挖輪廓線之間的空間關(guān)系,隧道拱頂與建筑物基礎(chǔ)底部距離較近,隧道施工開挖對(duì)建筑物的影響較大。(3)通過Peck公式、解析方法對(duì)敖包溝隧道下穿建筑物施工地表沉降值預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果為隧道下穿建筑物施工時(shí)地表變形值可達(dá)54 mm。(4)采用數(shù)值模擬軟件FLAC3D分析了隧道開挖過程中的位移和應(yīng)力變化規(guī)律,并根據(jù)變化規(guī)律對(duì)施工技術(shù)進(jìn)行改良。(5)分析了隧道拱頂沉降、水平收斂隨時(shí)間和施工步驟的變化規(guī)律,得出隧道在開挖后兩周快速變形,在一月內(nèi)基本趨于收斂。(6)分析了隧道施工過程中建筑物的基礎(chǔ)沉降差,地表沉降及建筑物基礎(chǔ)沉降隨時(shí)間改變的規(guī)律,得出開挖隧道橫向沉降的影響范圍是20 m。(7)由功率譜、振動(dòng)波形時(shí)域、振動(dòng)速度這幾個(gè)方面闡明了爆破振動(dòng)的規(guī)律,并得到了關(guān)于敖包溝隧道下穿建筑物爆破振動(dòng)的預(yù)測(cè)公式,給出了減小爆破振動(dòng)的措施以及隧道淺埋下穿建筑物施工技術(shù)。
[Abstract]:China is a mountainous country. In developing railway construction, it is inevitable to build a large number of tunnels to overcome the obstacles of plane or elevation, raise the line standard, and reduce the operating cost. The tunnel passes continuously through the staff quarters, staff canteens and substations of Xiliang Coal Mine in Aojiagou Coal Mine. The minimum thickness of the overlying soil on the roof of the tunnel is about 20 m.The tunnel is deep in depth and has a long span, and it has a great impact on the surface buildings during the process of the tunnel penetrating under the tunnel. The construction risk is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt reasonable construction methods to ensure the safety of the building during the construction of Aobaogou tunnel. According to the structural characteristics of the building, the prediction of the surface deformation caused by the tunnel excavation, the monitoring measurement of the tunnel construction and the deformation law caused by the tunnel construction, This kind of engineering problems are studied from several aspects of blasting vibration test law of tunnel underpass building construction. The main conclusion is: when the tunnel goes through the building under the tunnel, the surrounding rock is dominated by soft soil and its self-stability ability is poor. The spatial relationship between the surface building and the contour of tunnel excavation is analyzed. The distance between the tunnel arch and the base of the building is close. Through Peck formula, analytic method is used to predict the surface settlement value of Aobagou tunnel. The prediction results show that the surface deformation value can reach 54 mm 路L ~ (4)) the displacement and stress variation during tunnel excavation are analyzed by numerical simulation software FLAC3D. According to the change rule of the construction technology, this paper analyzes the variation law of the tunnel vault settlement, horizontal convergence with time and construction steps, and obtains the rapid deformation of the tunnel after two weeks of excavation. In January, the law of the difference of foundation settlement, ground settlement and building foundation settlement with time during tunnel construction is analyzed, and the influence range of transverse settlement of excavated tunnel is obtained by power spectrum. In this paper, the time domain and velocity of vibration wave are discussed, and the prediction formula of blasting vibration under Aobagou tunnel is obtained. The measures to reduce the blasting vibration and the construction technology of the tunnel under shallow burying are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455.4

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