本文關(guān)鍵詞： 陜西 高速公路 生態(tài)恢復(fù) 坡面恢復(fù) 對策措施　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公路建設(shè)不可避免地要對道路通過地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生影響，主要表現(xiàn)為改變地形地貌、擾亂土壤結(jié)構(gòu)、破壞植物群落、降低生物多樣性、影響局部地域氣候、增加水土流失危險性等。若不實(shí)施保護(hù)措施，不僅公路自身的設(shè)施安全和行車安全得不到保障，還將對周邊地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來不利影響。因此路域生態(tài)環(huán)境的恢復(fù)與重建，將成為今后公路工程中不可缺少的重要內(nèi)容。公路建設(shè)中最主要的環(huán)境問題是生態(tài)環(huán)境問題,重點(diǎn)是路域植被和取土場、棄土場植被的恢復(fù)與重建。技術(shù)難點(diǎn)是坡面保護(hù)與植被恢復(fù)的統(tǒng)一和困難條件下以及極端環(huán)境條件下的植被恢復(fù)與重建。 本文選取陜北地區(qū)—神木～佳縣～米脂高速公路、關(guān)中地區(qū)—省級高速蒲城～黃龍段公路和陜南地區(qū)—西安～藍(lán)田～商州高速公路為例，分析了陜北、關(guān)中和陜南高速公路路域生態(tài)環(huán)境特點(diǎn)，公路建設(shè)對路域生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響，提出了不同區(qū)域下高速公路路域生態(tài)恢復(fù)對策措施和技術(shù)策略。 本文的研究成果主要可歸納為以下幾個方面： （1）初步劃分出陜西高速公路網(wǎng)生態(tài)恢復(fù)區(qū)劃及模式，分區(qū)域、分路段類型、分部位構(gòu)建了適合陜西省不同區(qū)域下公路建設(shè)生態(tài)景觀恢復(fù)技術(shù)模式，為今后該地區(qū)路域生態(tài)景觀恢復(fù)設(shè)計、施工、管理工作提供了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)依據(jù)。 （2）邊坡生態(tài)植被恢復(fù)建植技術(shù)對比研究，進(jìn)行了路域植被建植技術(shù)區(qū)域適用性和路段適用性分析，通過對典型路域建植技術(shù)的廣泛調(diào)研和人工邊坡建植的模擬試驗(yàn)研究，總結(jié)出不同路段適用的建植技術(shù)。 （3）通過對典型區(qū)域植物生態(tài)特性和路域生態(tài)環(huán)境下的植被恢復(fù)工程實(shí)踐對比分析，篩選出了適合不同區(qū)域條件下的公路生態(tài)恢復(fù)的植物種類。
[Abstract]:Highway construction will inevitably have an impact on the ecological environment of the area through which the road passes, which is mainly manifested in changing the topography, disturbing the soil structure, destroying the plant community, reducing the biodiversity, and affecting the local regional climate. If the protection measures are not implemented, not only the safety of the highway itself and the safety of driving will not be guaranteed, but also the ecological environment of the surrounding area will be adversely affected. Therefore, the restoration and reconstruction of the ecological environment of the road area, The most important environmental problem in highway construction is the ecological environment problem, with emphasis on the vegetation and soil collection site in the road area, which will become an indispensable and important part of highway engineering in the future. The technical difficulties of vegetation restoration and reconstruction in abandoned sites are the unity and difficulty of slope protection and vegetation restoration and the vegetation restoration and reconstruction under extreme environmental conditions. This paper takes Shenmu ~ Jiaxian ~ Meizhi Expressway, Guanzhong Region-Provincial High-speed Pucheng ~ Huanglong Expressway and Shannan Region-Xi 'an ~ Lantian ~ Shangzhou Expressway as examples, and analyzes the Northern Shaanxi Province. The ecological environment characteristics of highway area in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi and the influence of highway construction on ecological environment of highway area are discussed. The countermeasures and technical strategies for ecological restoration of highway region under different regions are put forward. The research results of this paper can be summarized as follows:. 1) the ecological restoration regionalization and pattern of Shaanxi expressway network are preliminarily divided, and the technical models of ecological landscape restoration suitable for highway construction in different regions of Shaanxi Province are constructed according to different regions of Shaanxi Province. It provides the technical basis for the design, construction and management of ecological landscape restoration in this area. (2) the comparative study of ecological vegetation restoration and planting technology of slope is carried out, and the applicability analysis of the region and section of road vegetation is carried out. Through the extensive investigation of typical road area planting technology and the simulation experiment study of artificial slope construction, The suitable planting techniques for different road sections are summarized. 3) based on the comparative analysis of plant ecological characteristics in typical region and vegetation restoration engineering practice in road ecological environment, the plant species suitable for highway ecological restoration under different regional conditions are selected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X171.4;U418.9

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