本文關鍵詞： 巖爆 地質力學模式 突變理論 失穩(wěn)判據(jù)　出處：《成都理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：巖爆是制約隧道工程發(fā)展的重大地質災害之一，國內外學者從不同角度，運用不同手段對巖爆問題進行研究。目前，國內外對巖爆機制的研究還沒形成統(tǒng)一的認識，巖爆問題研究已成為世界性的地下工程地質災害難題之一。隨著地下工程建設的增多，巖爆災害問題愈加突出。為了做好巖爆的預測和防治工作，減少或避免巖爆地質災害，巖爆相關理論的研究愈顯重要性和緊迫性。其中，巖爆機制的力學描述與分析是巖爆預測和防治的重要基礎。 隧道圍巖在開挖后表現(xiàn)的力學效應是非線性的，并處于動態(tài)不可逆演化之中。非線性是巖體力學行為的本質特征。因此，要對隧道圍巖的力學行為進行描述、預測和控制，可以借助當代非線性科學理論，建立適合于巖體力學與工程特點的巖體非線性系統(tǒng)理論。突變理論是研究非線性科學的重要手段之一，其相對其他非線性科學的理論而言最大的優(yōu)勢在于：突變理論只需幾個假設為基礎，就算不知道系統(tǒng)的微分方程和微分方程的條件，也可以通過幾個變量來推導出系統(tǒng)中的某些定量或定性狀態(tài)。 本文在李天斌教授歸納總結的六種巖爆變形破壞的地質力學模式基礎上，以其中四種巖爆地質力學模式為基礎，通過高地應力脆性巖體力學等方法分析將四種地質模型轉化成巖體力學模型，通過突變理論，將巖體力學模型轉化為尖點突變模型，即數(shù)學模型，建立數(shù)學公式，進而通過數(shù)學公式來推斷出巖爆發(fā)生的判據(jù)等。主要獲得了以下研究成果： （1）采用斷裂力學理論分析洞室圍巖，闡述洞室圍巖劈裂成板的機制，并推導出劈裂成板的判據(jù)。根據(jù)劈裂成板的形成機制，定性分析張裂—剝落式巖爆發(fā)生的判據(jù)。 （2）通過對彎曲-鼓折式巖爆地質力學模式深入分析，建立符合此地質力學模式的板梁-彈簧力學模型，通過對力學模型轉化出的尖點突變模型分析，推導出此類模式洞室圍巖失穩(wěn)（巖爆）判據(jù)等相關理論公式，，并以錦屏水電站為實例驗證了判據(jù)公式的合理性。 （3）通過對張裂-滑移式巖爆地質力學模式深入分析，建立相應合理的塊體剪切力學模型，通過對力學模型轉化出的尖點突變模型分析，推導出此類模式洞室圍巖失穩(wěn)（巖爆）判據(jù)等相關理論公式，并以錦屏水電站為實例驗證了判據(jù)公式的合理性。 （4）通過對張裂-傾倒式巖爆地質力學模式深入分析，建立符合此地質力學模式的懸臂梁力學模型，通過對力學模型轉化出的尖點突變模型分析，推導出此類模式洞室圍巖失穩(wěn)（巖爆）判據(jù)等相關理論公式，并以錦屏水電站為實例驗證了判據(jù)公式的合理性。
[Abstract]:Rock burst is one of the major geological hazards restricting the development of tunnel engineering. Scholars at home and abroad have studied the problem of rock burst from different angles and by different means. At present, the research on the mechanism of rock burst has not formed a unified understanding at home and abroad. The study of rock burst has become one of the difficult problems of underground engineering geological hazard in the world. With the increase of underground engineering construction, the problem of rock burst disaster becomes more and more prominent. In order to make the prediction and prevention of rock burst, to reduce or avoid the geological disaster of rock burst, It is more and more important and urgent to study the related theory of rock burst, in which the mechanical description and analysis of rock burst mechanism is the important foundation for prediction and prevention of rock burst. The mechanical effect of tunnel surrounding rock after excavation is nonlinear and is in the process of dynamic irreversible evolution. Nonlinearity is the essential characteristic of rock mass mechanical behavior. Therefore, the mechanical behavior of tunnel surrounding rock should be described, predicted and controlled. The theory of nonlinear system of rock mass suitable for rock mechanics and engineering characteristics can be established with the help of contemporary nonlinear scientific theory, and catastrophe theory is one of the important means to study nonlinear science. Its greatest advantage over other theories of nonlinear science is that the catastrophe theory requires only a few assumptions, even if it does not know the conditions of the differential equations and differential equations of the system. Some quantitative or qualitative states in the system can also be derived from several variables. On the basis of six kinds of geomechanical models of rock burst deformation and failure summarized by Professor Li Tianbin, this paper is based on four kinds of rock burst geomechanical models. Four geological models are transformed into rock mass mechanics models by means of high ground stress brittle rock mass mechanics. Through catastrophe theory, rock mass mechanics models are transformed into cusp catastrophe models, or mathematical models, and mathematical formulas are established. Then the criterion of rock burst is inferred by mathematical formula. The following research results are obtained:. 1) the fracture mechanics theory is used to analyze the surrounding rock of the cavern, and the mechanism of the split slab-forming of the surrounding rock of the cavern is expounded, and the criterion of the split-forming plate is deduced. According to the forming mechanism of the split-forming plate, the criterion of the tension-spalling rockburst is qualitatively analyzed. 2) through the deep analysis of the bending-bulging rock burst geological mechanics model, the plate beam-spring mechanical model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model transformed from the mechanical model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example. (3) through the deep analysis of the geo-mechanical model of tension-slip rock burst, the corresponding reasonable block shear mechanics model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model transformed from the mechanical model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example. 4) by analyzing the geomechanical model of tension crack and toppling rockburst, the cantilever beam mechanics model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U451.2

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