本文關(guān)鍵詞： 橋梁 時域損傷識別 SVM 動能指標　出處：《武漢理工大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文通過對橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)時域損傷識別方法的總結(jié)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于橋梁服役期間車輛荷載對橋梁損傷的影響的研究較少。有鑒于此，本文將直接利用結(jié)構(gòu)動力響應(yīng)的速度信號，在時域內(nèi)構(gòu)建基于SVM動能能量比的損傷指標，進行損傷定位，依據(jù)動能能量比指標的變化判斷橋梁損傷的程度。并應(yīng)用該方法到有限元數(shù)值模擬試驗中，主要研究工作包括： （1）通過閱讀大量的國內(nèi)外文獻，對橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識別的背景和意義以及其發(fā)展歷史和研究的現(xiàn)狀進行總結(jié)。重點介紹了主要的優(yōu)化識別方法和模式識別方法在橋梁時域損傷識別中應(yīng)用的情況。并對這些方法在橋梁損傷識別應(yīng)用中存在的問題進行分析。 （2）對基于SVM動能能量指標的時域損傷識別方法進行闡述，包括支持向量機基本理論、基本概念以及優(yōu)勢，最優(yōu)分類超平面，核函數(shù)和分類邊界，SVM算法，，動能比損傷識別理論。通過移動荷載作用下梁的動力方程，從而導(dǎo)出橋梁-車輛耦合系統(tǒng)中梁在強迫振動下某時刻的動力響應(yīng)，最后利用得到的動力響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建動能能量比指標，進行結(jié)構(gòu)損傷程度和位置的識別。 （3）通過數(shù)值模擬實驗運用上述方法。首先介紹實驗方法和過程，給出混凝土損傷模型以及汽車車道荷載實現(xiàn)的技術(shù)途徑。通過建立簡支梁橋有限元模型探討于SVM動能能量指標的時域損傷識別方法的實現(xiàn)過程，然后為了研究該方法的適用性，拓展該方法應(yīng)用到一座3跨預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋按一定比例縮放的有限元模型中，同樣按照這種方法進行橋梁損傷位置和損傷程度的識別。 （4）徐葛大橋時域損傷識別。以大跨度斜拉橋——徐葛大橋為研究對象，通過一座實際的徐葛大橋?qū)崪y的傳感器優(yōu)化布置數(shù)據(jù)模型為基礎(chǔ)，驗證了利用動能能量指標的SVM方法在時域損傷識別的可行性，取得較好的效果，對于主塔的損傷識別給出了幾種探討，同時又由于這一方法的研究目前尚處于理論研究中，要使其能真正應(yīng)用到橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測，需要進一步研究。
[Abstract]:Based on the summary and analysis of time-domain damage identification methods for bridge structures, it is found that there are few studies on the effects of vehicle loads on bridge damage during bridge service. In view of this, the velocity signals of dynamic responses of structures will be used directly in this paper. The damage index based on SVM kinetic energy ratio is constructed in time domain, and the damage location is carried out. The damage degree of bridge is judged by the change of kinetic energy ratio index. The main research work includes:. By reading a great deal of literature at home and abroad, In this paper, the background and significance of bridge structure damage identification, its development history and research status are summarized, and the application of main optimization and pattern recognition methods in bridge damage identification in time domain is introduced. The problems existing in the application of these methods in bridge damage identification are analyzed. (2) the damage identification method in time domain based on SVM kinetic energy index is expounded, including the basic theory, basic concepts and advantages of support vector machine, the optimal classification hyperplane, kernel function and classification boundary SVM algorithm. The kinetic energy ratio damage identification theory. Through the dynamic equation of the beam under moving load, the dynamic response of the beam under forced vibration at a certain time in the bridge-vehicle coupling system is derived. Finally, the kinetic energy ratio index is constructed by using the dynamic response data to identify the damage degree and location of the structure. 3) the above methods are used in numerical simulation experiments. First, the experimental methods and processes are introduced. The concrete damage model and the technical way to realize the vehicle lane load are given. By establishing the finite element model of the simply supported beam bridge, the realization process of the time domain damage identification method based on the SVM kinetic energy index is discussed, and then the applicability of the method is studied. The method is extended to the finite element model of a 3-span prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge which is scaled to a certain scale. The damage location and damage degree of the bridge are also identified according to this method. (4) time domain damage identification of Xuge Bridge. Taking the long-span cable-stayed bridge-Xuge Bridge as the research object, the data model of optimal sensor arrangement of a practical Xuge Bridge is used as the basis. The feasibility of the SVM method using kinetic energy index in time domain damage identification is verified, and good results are obtained. Several discussions on damage identification of the main tower are given. At the same time, the research of this method is still in the theoretical research at present. Further research is needed to make it applicable to bridge structure health monitoring.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U446

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