本文關(guān)鍵詞： 冰荷載 木棧道 膨脹力 凍融 試驗(yàn)研究　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：冰災(zāi)害、冰荷載與冰凍環(huán)境一直是寒區(qū)海域工程建設(shè)主要的控制因素,因此,合理的確定冰對(duì)海岸結(jié)構(gòu)物的作用問(wèn)題也是人們普遍關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。由于冰物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)的復(fù)雜性,目前還沒(méi)有公認(rèn)能夠準(zhǔn)確描述冰與海岸結(jié)構(gòu)物相互作用的數(shù)學(xué)物理模型。原型觀測(cè)通常被認(rèn)為是最直觀有效的研究方式,但由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件復(fù)雜,環(huán)境惡劣,耗資大,使得直接觀測(cè)的難度大大增加。因此,本論文主要是應(yīng)用物理模擬試驗(yàn)對(duì)冰與木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)的相互作用問(wèn)題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的試驗(yàn)研究。 大連冬季氣溫最低可以達(dá)到-18℃,各類海岸建筑物如堤岸、棧道、棧橋等會(huì)因冰凍導(dǎo)致一些工程問(wèn)題。大連近海區(qū)域海水不會(huì)全部封凍,海浪可能會(huì)越過(guò)東港商務(wù)景觀區(qū)的護(hù)岸胸墻,這部分海水不能有效地排出且會(huì)停留在木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)下部,并在低氣溫時(shí)結(jié)冰。據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘測(cè),防波堤內(nèi)側(cè)木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)局部結(jié)冰厚度可達(dá)20cm,木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)因受到結(jié)冰產(chǎn)生的向上膨脹力作用可能會(huì)變形破壞。為研究冰的膨脹變形對(duì)木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)的影響情況,在低溫試驗(yàn)冷庫(kù)對(duì)木棧道試件進(jìn)行了凍脹試驗(yàn),模擬了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)可能遇到的幾種凍結(jié)情況；并利用電子萬(wàn)能試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)展了拉拔破壞承載力試驗(yàn)；同時(shí)為了解冰的凍融對(duì)木棧道結(jié)構(gòu)的最終影響,設(shè)計(jì)了反復(fù)凍融試驗(yàn)。 試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：只發(fā)生一次凍脹,木棧道試件沒(méi)有發(fā)生破壞,水面與木棧道板條底面齊平時(shí),凍脹變形量最大；在拉拔破壞承載力試驗(yàn)中,導(dǎo)致木棧道試件失穩(wěn)的原因是連接木棧道板條與龍骨的卡扣變形過(guò)大而失去效用,每個(gè)卡扣的承載能力約為600N；在反復(fù)凍融中,隨著凍融次數(shù)的增加,木棧道試件測(cè)點(diǎn)的變形逐漸增大,最終在第三凍融周期由于卡扣變形而失穩(wěn)破壞。
[Abstract]:Ice disaster, ice load and freezing environment have been the main control factors of engineering construction in cold sea area. The reasonable determination of the effect of ice on coastal structures is also the focus of general concern, due to the complexity of physical and mechanical properties of ice. At present, there is no mathematical and physical model that can accurately describe the interaction between ice and coastal structures. Prototype observation is generally considered to be the most intuitive and effective research method, but because of the complex field conditions, the environment is bad. Because of the high cost, the difficulty of direct observation is greatly increased. Therefore, the physical simulation test is mainly used to study the interaction between ice and wood trestle structure. Dalian winter minimum temperature can reach -18 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1483381