本文關(guān)鍵詞：深埋軟巖隧道流變特征研究　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 軟巖 流變 本構(gòu)模型 粘彈性 分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分 非定常蠕變參數(shù) 參數(shù)反演 特殊支護(hù)

【摘要】：巖體變形是一個(gè)與時(shí)間相關(guān)的過(guò)程,尤其是軟巖,其變形通常具有一定的時(shí)效性。彈塑性理論無(wú)法描述和預(yù)測(cè)這一過(guò)程,而流變力學(xué)理論較好的克服了這個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。合理描述巖體與時(shí)間相關(guān)的力學(xué)特征和行為對(duì)于實(shí)際工程有著重要的意義。本論文以錦屏二級(jí)水電站引水隧洞西端綠泥石片巖段為工程依托,基于相關(guān)試驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)變形,采用理論分析和數(shù)值計(jì)算等方法,從巖石流變本構(gòu)模型出發(fā),研究了適合于描述軟巖隧道流變特性的本構(gòu)模型,并將該模型應(yīng)用于數(shù)值模擬中,同時(shí)還研究了流變參數(shù)反演的方法。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果包括以下幾個(gè)方面：(1)對(duì)工程區(qū)綠泥石片巖進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)。采用掃描電鏡-能譜分析對(duì)綠泥石片巖的微結(jié)構(gòu)特征及元素組成進(jìn)行了分析；采用巖石力學(xué)剛性試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)綠泥石片巖干燥及飽和狀態(tài)下的力學(xué)特征進(jìn)行了研究,以期獲得對(duì)綠泥石片巖在高地應(yīng)力狀態(tài)下變形和破壞特征的認(rèn)識(shí)；(2)根據(jù)Riemann-Liouville分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分理論,提出了統(tǒng)一采用基于分?jǐn)?shù)階微積分形式表達(dá)的四元件非線性粘彈塑性流變模型,給出了該模型的本構(gòu)方程及蠕變方程,并將該模型與綠片巖蠕變?cè)囼?yàn)及巖鹽蠕變?cè)囼?yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分別進(jìn)行了擬合,結(jié)果表明該模型可以有效反映巖石三個(gè)階段的蠕變特性,并且起到了減少模型元件個(gè)數(shù)及參數(shù)的作用；(3)提出了蠕變?nèi)齻�(gè)階段過(guò)程中非定常參數(shù)分別隨時(shí)間和隨應(yīng)變衰減的方程,并根據(jù)衰減方程建立了改進(jìn)三參量H-K流變模型,并結(jié)合相關(guān)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了辨識(shí),結(jié)果顯示兩種參數(shù)衰減的形式均能較好的反映巖石蠕變的三個(gè)階段；(4)推導(dǎo)了基于分?jǐn)?shù)階Maxwell模型的隧道粘彈性位移解析方程,同時(shí)考慮了掌子面及支護(hù)作用的影響,通過(guò)與Burgers模型的解析解對(duì)比,顯示兩種模型在某個(gè)時(shí)間段可以達(dá)到相一致的結(jié)果；(5)基于巖石蠕變?nèi)A段的特點(diǎn),提出了蠕變參數(shù)隨等效應(yīng)變而衰減的改進(jìn)三參量H-K(廣義Kelvin)三維本構(gòu)模型,并用來(lái)反映軟弱圍巖在不同應(yīng)力水平下的彈性變形及蠕變變形,同時(shí)給出了該模型應(yīng)用于有限差分程序FLAC3D中的方法,即采用FLAC3D內(nèi)嵌的FISH語(yǔ)言,在計(jì)算過(guò)程中動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)估和修正蠕變參數(shù)；(6)基于改進(jìn)三參量H-K本構(gòu)模型,采用有限差分程序FLAC3D探討了軟巖隧道在不同埋深及側(cè)壓力系數(shù)時(shí)的蠕變變形特征、掌子面對(duì)隧道流變的影響、施工停止時(shí)間對(duì)隧道流變的影響以及臺(tái)階法開(kāi)挖對(duì)隧道流變的影響；(7)結(jié)合綠泥石片巖蠕變?cè)囼?yàn)及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),探討了采用粒子群算法對(duì)流變參數(shù)反演的方法,同時(shí)將有限差分程序FLAC3D、均勻設(shè)計(jì)法、BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)及粒子群算法相結(jié)合,建立了工程巖體流變參數(shù)的綜合反演方法；(8)結(jié)合實(shí)際工程施工,并基于改進(jìn)三參量H-K本構(gòu)模型,采用FLAC3D程序分析了特殊支護(hù)(預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索及錨筋樁)對(duì)深埋軟巖隧洞流變的影響,結(jié)果顯示,針對(duì)局部變形較大的地方施加預(yù)應(yīng)力錨索可以起到一定的抑制作用,同時(shí)施加錨筋樁后,開(kāi)挖下臺(tái)階更為安全有利。
[Abstract]:Rock deformation is a time-dependent process, especially the soft rock, the deformation usually has a certain timeliness. The elastic-plastic theory to describe and predict the process, and the rheological theory can overcome this disadvantage. The reasonable description of rock mechanics and time related characteristics and behaviors have significant for the practical engineering. This paper takes Jinping two hydropower station west of green clay schist segment based on the project, deformation related experiments and field based on the theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, the rheological constitutive model of rock based on a suitable constitutive model to describe the rheological properties of soft rock tunnel and the model is applied to the numerical simulation, the method of inversion of rheological parameters is also studied. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) in the project area and green clay schist in the room In the experiment. By scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis of chlorite schist the microstructure and element composition were analyzed by using the rock mechanics; rigid testing machine for mechanical characteristics of chlorite schist dry and saturated conditions were studied, in order to obtain the understanding of chlorite schist deformation and failure characteristics in high geostress condition; (2) according to the Riemann-Liouville fractional calculus theory, put forward the unified expression based on fractional calculus form four component nonlinear visco elastoplastic rheological model, the constitutive equation and creep equation of the model is given, and the test data and the model of creep of rock salt and GREENSCHISTS creep are fitted respectively. The results show that the the model can effectively reflect the creep characteristics of the rock in three stages, and to reduce the number of components and parameters of the model; (3) put forward three creep A stage in the process of unsteady parameters with time and strain attenuation equation, and the improved three parameter H-K rheological model is established according to the attenuation equation, combined with the identification model of test data, the result shows that the three stage of the two kinds of rock creep attenuation parameters are better; (4 tunnel) visco elastic displacement analytic equation of fractional order based on Maxwell model is deduced, considering the working face and the supporting effect of contrast solution by analytical and Burgers model, showed that two kinds of model can achieve consistent results in a certain period of time; (5) the characteristics of rock creep based on the three stage. The creep parameters with strain and attenuation of the improved three parameter H-K (generalized Kelvin) three-dimensional constitutive model, and used to reflect the weak surrounding rock under different stress deformation elastic deformation and creep stress level, and gives the The model is applied to finite difference method in the FLAC3D program, which uses FLAC3D FISH language embedded in the calculation process, the dynamic evaluation and correction of creep parameters; (6) improved three parameter H-K constitutive model based on the characteristics of creep deformation by finite difference program FLAC3D of soft rock tunnel in different depth and when the lateral pressure coefficient. The effect of the working face of tunnel construction excavation rheology, stop time effect on the tunnel rheological effect on tunnel rheological and step method; (7) based on the measured data of chlorite schist creep test and field was studied by using particle swarm optimization method of rheological parameter inversion, and the finite difference program FLAC3D, uniform design method, combining BP neural network and particle swarm algorithm, integrated inversion method to establish the rheological parameters of engineering rock mass; (8) combined with the actual construction, and based on the modified three parameter H-K constitutive The model, using FLAC3D analysis to special support (prestressed anchor cable and anchor pile) of deep soft rock tunnel, the rheological results show that the local deformation of large local applied prestressed anchor can play a certain inhibitory effect, while applying anchor pile after the excavation steps is safer and more favorable.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U451

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