本文關(guān)鍵詞：不定期運(yùn)輸船舶調(diào)度及航速優(yōu)化研究　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 船舶調(diào)度 航速優(yōu)化 非線性規(guī)劃 集合分割 需求變動(dòng)

【摘要】：船舶調(diào)度是不定期運(yùn)輸運(yùn)力資源優(yōu)化配置最重要的一個(gè)方面,直接決定船舶的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和航運(yùn)企業(yè)的總體利潤收入。在船舶調(diào)度涉及的各項(xiàng)決策中,航速優(yōu)化是關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),它直接決定航次變動(dòng)成本和船舶運(yùn)用效率。面對航運(yùn)市場持續(xù)低迷、能源價(jià)格居高不下的現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境,開展船舶調(diào)度與航速優(yōu)化研究有利于航運(yùn)企業(yè)控制燃油成本、合理調(diào)配與運(yùn)用運(yùn)力資源、改善經(jīng)營績效。同時(shí),這項(xiàng)研究對于海上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排的目標(biāo)具有重要意義。 在系統(tǒng)歸納和分析航速優(yōu)化、船舶調(diào)度以及其他相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究成果后,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前針對航速進(jìn)行的優(yōu)化研究缺乏對航次租船合同下裝卸貨時(shí)間要求的考慮；多貨物、多港口、多航線和多船舶的船舶調(diào)度與航速優(yōu)化問題還沒有很好的解決；缺少對需求變動(dòng)的船舶調(diào)度與航速優(yōu)化問題的研究。圍繞這些問題,本文主要進(jìn)行了以下幾個(gè)方面的研究： 1考慮航次租船合同中有關(guān)貨物裝卸的服務(wù)時(shí)間要求,提出帶有時(shí)間窗約束的非線性規(guī)劃模型,解決多港口掛靠、允許同時(shí)載運(yùn)多票貨物的復(fù)雜航線上的船速優(yōu)化問題,同步實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)航次經(jīng)濟(jì)效益估算與最佳船速選擇�；谀Ｐ偷慕Y(jié)構(gòu)特征,應(yīng)用外點(diǎn)法與模矢搜索算法進(jìn)行求解。 2綜合分析航速對船舶航行時(shí)間和燃油成本的影響,實(shí)際載貨量對運(yùn)費(fèi)收入、運(yùn)輸成本和裝卸貨時(shí)間的影響,建立貨量可變的船舶調(diào)度與航速優(yōu)化模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)對貨載選擇與分配、航線配船、船舶定線與最佳航速選擇的聯(lián)合優(yōu)化。開發(fā)基于集合分割的兩階段求解算法,對大規(guī)模非線性混合整數(shù)規(guī)劃問題實(shí)施有效的分解、降維、簡化計(jì)算流程。第一階段由枚舉法、航線0-1矩陣圖和求解具有相同結(jié)構(gòu)的小規(guī)模非線性規(guī)劃模型構(gòu)造單船可行調(diào)度方案；第二階段分割集合優(yōu)選實(shí)現(xiàn)船隊(duì)總收益最大的船舶調(diào)度方案。通過不同規(guī)模的案例實(shí)驗(yàn)計(jì)算,分析與驗(yàn)證船舶速度和可變貨量對船隊(duì)總體收益和船舶運(yùn)行方案的影響。 3提出與解決考慮市場需求變動(dòng)的船舶調(diào)度與航速優(yōu)化問題�；谑欠裨试S改變船舶原航線將該問題細(xì)分為原航線不變單一貨物問題、原航線不變多個(gè)貨物、原航線可變單一貨物和原航線可變多個(gè)貨物等四類。采取系統(tǒng)分析和分類優(yōu)化的思維,針對不同類別的問題分別建立具有針對性的非線性規(guī)劃模型和提出求解方法。
[Abstract]:Ship scheduling is one of the most important aspects of the optimal allocation of transportation capacity resources. It directly determines the economic benefits of ships and the overall profit income of shipping enterprises. Speed optimization is the key link, which directly determines the variable cost of voyage and the efficiency of ship operation. In the face of the continuous downturn of shipping market, energy prices remain high in the real environment. The research on ship scheduling and speed optimization is helpful for shipping enterprises to control fuel cost, reasonably allocate and use capacity resources, and improve business performance. This research is of great significance for marine transportation system to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. After systematically summarizing and analyzing the research results of speed optimization, ship dispatch and other related fields, it is found that the current research on speed optimization lacks the consideration of loading and unloading time requirements under voyage charter party. The problems of ship scheduling and speed optimization for multi-cargo, multi-port, multi-route and multi-vessel are not well solved. There is a lack of research on ship scheduling and speed optimization with changing demand. Around these problems, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: 1. Considering the service time requirement of cargo loading and unloading in voyage charter party, a nonlinear programming model with time window constraint is proposed to solve the problem of multi-port connection. The optimization problem of ship speed on complex routes that allow multi-ticket cargo to be carried at the same time can simultaneously realize the economic benefit estimation and optimal speed selection of continuous voyages. The structural features based on the model are presented. The external point method and the modular search algorithm are used to solve the problem. (2) comprehensively analyzing the influence of speed on ship's sailing time and fuel cost, and the influence of actual cargo load on freight revenue, transportation cost and loading and unloading time, and establishing a ship scheduling and speed optimization model with variable volume. The joint optimization of cargo selection and distribution, ship routing, ship alignment and optimal speed selection is realized. A two-stage algorithm based on set segmentation is developed. The large scale nonlinear mixed integer programming problem is decomposed effectively, the dimension is reduced, and the calculation flow is simplified. The first stage is enumeration method. The route 0-1 matrix graph and the small scale nonlinear programming model with the same structure are used to construct a single ship feasible scheduling scheme. In the second stage, the ship scheduling scheme with the largest total revenue is realized by the optimal selection of segmented sets. The experimental calculation is carried out with different scale cases. The effects of ship speed and variable volume on the overall fleet revenue and ship operation plan are analyzed and verified. 3 propose and solve the problem of ship scheduling and speed optimization considering the change of market demand. Based on whether the original route is allowed to be changed, the problem is subdivided into the original route unchanged single cargo problem, and the original route does not change a number of cargo. The original route variable single cargo and the original route variable multiple cargo. The thinking of system analysis and classification optimization is adopted. Aiming at different kinds of problems, the corresponding nonlinear programming models and solving methods are proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U692.3

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