本文關鍵詞：高速公路惡劣天氣及交通狀況智能分析系統(tǒng)研究與實現(xiàn)　出處：《西南交通大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 高速公路 視頻監(jiān)控 惡劣天氣 車輛跟蹤 運動檢測

【摘要】：惡劣的天氣及交通異常狀況常常給高速公路的安全帶來巨大威脅,高速公路管理部門需要實時地掌握其轄區(qū)內(nèi)各個路段的氣象情況及交通狀況,以便做出及時準確的應對決策。然而,目前主要依靠傳感器等硬件設備提供的數(shù)據(jù),經(jīng)分析得到氣象信息和交通信息,安裝及維護成本高昂,且使用時間和環(huán)境條件可能影響其準確性。 本文充分利用已經(jīng)建立的高速公路監(jiān)控體系,研究了基于高速公路監(jiān)控視頻的惡劣天氣(霧、雨、雪)檢測和交通異常狀況(擁堵、停車、逆行)檢測算法,通過對監(jiān)控攝像頭傳入的視頻數(shù)據(jù)的智能分析,得到該路段的天氣信息和交通信息。本文算法結合了圖像處理、計算機視覺及模式識別等領域的先進技術,對視頻圖像中的霧、雨、雪的視覺特征進行提取和分析,從而實現(xiàn)惡劣天氣的檢測和報警,同時對運動車輛進行跟蹤,并對其進行行為分析,從而實現(xiàn)交通異常狀況的檢測和報警。 本文分析了霧、雨、雪在監(jiān)控視頻中呈現(xiàn)出的視覺特征,針對霧區(qū)的模糊效應提出了基于Canny邊緣的霧天檢測算法。對于雨和雪的檢測,基于監(jiān)控視頻分辨率小及噪聲干擾大的特點,本文算法放棄傳統(tǒng)的對雨滴和雪花的動態(tài)特性進行分析的方法,分析了雨天和雪天在車道上的視覺特征,針對濕滑道路的反光特性和圖像鈍化的特征,提出了反光度與圖像銳度結合的道路濕滑程度評估方法,從檢測道路是否濕滑的角度來實現(xiàn)雨天的檢測,針對道路上積雪的顏色特征,提出了基于積雪顏色模型的積雪檢測方法,從檢測道路上是否覆蓋積雪的角度來實現(xiàn)雪天的檢測。 針對交通異常狀況的檢測,本文首先分析了前景檢測和背景重建過程中幾種常用的技術,并通過實驗對其效果進行對比,經(jīng)分析,本文算法采用背景差分法與基于統(tǒng)計模型的背景重建與更新方法相結合,實現(xiàn)運動車輛的檢測和跟蹤,估算出車速、車流量及車輛行駛方向,并運用這些信息進行綜合分析和判斷,實現(xiàn)高速停車、逆行及擁堵狀況的檢測。 本文使用了豐富的視頻數(shù)據(jù)作為實驗數(shù)據(jù)集,通過對實驗結果數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計和分析,說明了本文算法在惡劣天氣檢測及交通異常狀況分析中的有效性�；诒疚乃惴▽崿F(xiàn)了具有實用價值的智能分析系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)與視頻監(jiān)控平臺兼容,不僅能分析本地歷史視頻,而且能以多路并行輪詢的方式分析在線實時視頻,是高速公路信息服務體系中的重要組成部分,功能完整,靈活性高,它的應用將有效提高高速公路的管理能力和應急能力。
[Abstract]:The bad weather and abnormal traffic situation often bring great threat to the safety of freeway. The highway management department needs to grasp the meteorological situation and traffic condition of each section in its jurisdiction in real time. In order to make timely and accurate response to the decision. However, at present, mainly depends on the sensor and other hardware equipment to provide data, through analysis to obtain meteorological information and traffic information, installation and maintenance costs are high. And the use time and the environment condition may affect its accuracy. In this paper, we make full use of the established highway monitoring system, and study the detection algorithm of bad weather (fog, rain, snow) and traffic anomaly (congestion, parking, retrograde) based on highway surveillance video. Through the intelligent analysis of the video data from the surveillance camera, the weather information and traffic information of the section are obtained. This algorithm combines the advanced technology of image processing, computer vision and pattern recognition. The visual features of fog, rain and snow in video images are extracted and analyzed to detect and alarm bad weather, and track and analyze the behavior of moving vehicles. In order to realize the traffic abnormal condition detection and alarm. In this paper, the visual features of fog, rain and snow in surveillance video are analyzed. Aiming at the fuzzy effect of fog region, a fog detection algorithm based on Canny edge is proposed. Based on the characteristics of small resolution and large noise interference, this algorithm gives up the traditional method to analyze the dynamic characteristics of raindrops and snowflakes, and analyzes the visual features of rainy and snowy days in driveway. According to the reflective characteristics of wet slippery road and the feature of image passivation, this paper proposes a method to evaluate the wet slippery degree of road, which combines reflectance and image sharpness, and realizes the detection of rainy day from the angle of detecting whether the road is slippery or not. According to the color characteristics of snow cover on the road, a snow detection method based on snow color model is proposed to detect snow cover on the road. For the detection of traffic anomaly, this paper first analyzes several common techniques in the process of foreground detection and background reconstruction, and compares their effects through experiments. In this paper, the background difference method is combined with the background reconstruction and update method based on statistical model to realize the detection and tracking of moving vehicles, and to estimate the speed, flow and direction of vehicles. This information is used for comprehensive analysis and judgment to detect high speed parking, retrograde and congestion. In this paper, we use rich video data as experimental data set, through the statistics and analysis of experimental data. The effectiveness of this algorithm in the detection of severe weather and the analysis of traffic anomalies is explained. Based on this algorithm, an intelligent analysis system with practical value is implemented, which is compatible with the video surveillance platform. Not only can analyze the local history video, but also can analyze the online real-time video in the way of multi-channel parallel polling. It is an important part of the expressway information service system, with complete function and high flexibility. Its application will effectively improve the ability of expressway management and emergency response.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495;TP391.41

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