港內波浪要素計算方法研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-01-11 03:21
本文關鍵詞:港內波浪要素計算方法研究 出處:《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
更多相關文章: 波浪 防波堤 規(guī)范 數(shù)學模型 物理模型
【摘要】:在港口工程建設過程中,為減小波浪對港區(qū)的影響,通常在外側建設防波堤進行掩護,進行港內波浪要素計算是衡量防波堤掩護效果的重要手段,因此,研究港內波浪要素的計算方法十分重要。 波浪從外海向近海、特別是港內傳播的過程中,受到淺水變形、折射、底摩擦等各種作用的影響,當遇到防波堤的掩護傳播到港池內部時,發(fā)生繞射,進入港池內部后,又受到反射等作用的影響,多種作用的影響使得波浪到達近岸后的傳播變得復雜,也使得計算過程變得復雜。在進行設計波浪要素計算時,常用方法是根據(jù)《海港水文規(guī)范》計算,即先利用規(guī)范方法出計算波浪繞射系數(shù)和反射系數(shù)、然后再計算出港內計波浪要素。隨著現(xiàn)代計算機技術的發(fā)展,數(shù)學模型計算技術也不斷的發(fā)展和完善,成為比較成熟的計算方法。另外,物理模型作為一種與工程實際最為相似的模擬手段,在港內波浪要素研究中也起著不可忽視的作用。 在不同工程港內波浪要素計算時,不同方法得到的結果往往有差異。由于設計時間緊,對大多數(shù)工程一般通過一種方法計算,缺少對三種常用方法結果對比研究。本文選取了單突堤、雙突堤、島式堤三種布置型式的防波堤作為典型工程案例,利用規(guī)范計算方法、數(shù)學模型計算方法分別進行了港內波浪計算,并與物理模型試驗的結果進行了對比,通過分析給出了防波堤為單突堤、雙突堤、島式堤等不同布置型式時三種方法得到結果之間的差異性和在計算不同防波堤布置型式下港內波浪要素時不同方法的適用性。 1、防波堤為單突堤型式布置時,對于防波堤掩護作用較好的波向,在計算港內波浪要素時,波浪繞射為主導作用,用規(guī)范方法計算波浪的繞射作用和用數(shù)學模型計算方法及物理模型方法綜合計算所得結果差異不大,三種方法的適用性均較好; 2、防波堤為單突堤型式布置時,對于防波堤掩護作用較差的波向,在計算港內波浪要素時,需綜合考慮折射、繞射、反射等作用的影響,數(shù)學模型方法的適用性優(yōu)于規(guī)范計算方法; 3、防波堤為雙突堤型式布置時,受防波堤走向、港池形狀及港池內岸壁結構型式等多方面的影響,港內波浪分布狀況復雜,,規(guī)范計算方法和數(shù)學模型計算方法在某些區(qū)域的計算結果差異偏大,需通過物理模型試驗研究確定港內波浪要素; 4、防波堤為島式型式布置時,在防波堤掩護區(qū)內,波浪繞射作用占據(jù)了主導地位,用規(guī)范方法直接計算繞射波高或者用數(shù)模方法計算均可以很好的體現(xiàn)出防波堤的掩護效果。 5、防波堤為島式型式布置時,在防波堤非掩護區(qū)內,數(shù)模方法可以很好的體現(xiàn)出波浪的反射作用和水深變化的影響,僅僅用規(guī)范方法計算波浪繞射產生的結果誤差較大,需分別計算波浪反射和水深影響; 6、當產生越浪時,在計算港池內建筑物前的波要素時不能簡單依靠規(guī)范計算方法或數(shù)學模型計算方法計算波浪要素,需結合建筑物結構型式及水深變化計算越浪量。
[Abstract]:In the process of harbor engineering construction , in order to reduce the effect of wave on harbor area , it is usually used to cover the outer side construction breakwater , and the calculation of wave element in port is an important means to measure the protection effect of breakwater . Therefore , it is very important to study the calculation method of wave element in port . The influence of waves from the outer sea to the sea , especially in the harbor , is influenced by the effects of shallow water deformation , refraction , bottom friction and so on . In the calculation of wave elements in different engineering ports , the results of different methods are often different . Due to the tight design time , three types of breakwater are usually calculated by one method , and compared with the results of physical model tests . The difference between the results and the applicability of different methods in the calculation of wave elements in different breakwater arrangements are given . 1 . When the breakwater is a single - burst type arrangement , the wave direction is better for the protection of the breakwater , and the wave diffraction is dominant when the wave element is calculated in the harbor . The calculation method of wave diffraction and the calculation method of mathematical model and the comprehensive calculation of the physical model method are not large , and the applicability of the three methods is better ; 2 . When the breakwater is a single - burst type arrangement , the wave element of the breakwater is worse than that of the breakwater , and the effect of refraction , diffraction , reflection and the like is comprehensively considered when the wave elements in the harbor are calculated , and the applicability of the mathematical model method is superior to the standard calculation method ; 3 . When the breakwater is of the type of the double - dike , the wave distribution in the harbor is complex , the standard calculation method and the mathematical model calculation method are quite different in some areas due to the influence of the direction of the breakwater , the shape of the harbor basin and the structure of the shore wall in the harbor basin , and the wave elements in the harbor are determined through the physical model test . 4 . When the breakwater is of the island type , the wave diffraction function occupies the dominant position in the protection area of the breakwater , and the shielding effect of the breakwater can be calculated directly by using the standard method directly or by using the numerical model method . 5 . When the breakwater is of the island type , in the non - cover area of the breakwater , the numerical simulation method can reflect the influence of wave reflection and water depth , and only use the standard method to calculate the effect of wave reflection and water depth ; 6 . When the wave element is generated , the wave element can not be calculated simply by means of the standard calculation method or the mathematical model calculation method when the wave element in the harbor basin is calculated , and the wave element needs to be calculated in combination with the structure type of the building and the water depth change .
【學位授予單位】:中國海洋大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:U656.2;TV139.2
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