【摘要】：針對合金熔體等液體材料的超聲處理過程,選取水作為透明模型材料,采用數值模擬計算和示蹤粒子實驗方法,研究了20和490 kHz兩種頻率超聲作用下水中的聲場和流場分布.結果表明,增大變幅桿半徑能夠提高水中聲壓水平,擴大空化效應的發(fā)生區(qū)域.當超聲頻率為20 kHz時,水中聲壓最大值出現在超聲變幅桿下端面處,且聲壓沿傳播距離的增大而顯著減小.如果超聲頻率增加至490 kHz,水中的聲壓級相比于20 kHz時明顯提高,且聲壓沿著超聲傳播方向呈現出周期性振蕩特征.兩種頻率超聲作用下水中的流場呈現相似的分布特征,且平均流速均隨著變幅桿半徑增大表現出先升高后降低的趨勢.變幅桿半徑相同時,20 kHz頻率超聲作用下水中的平均流速高于490 kHz頻率超聲.采用示蹤粒子圖像測速技術實時觀察和測定了水中的流速分布,發(fā)現其與計算結果基本一致.
[Abstract]:Aiming at the ultrasonic treatment process of liquid materials such as alloy melt, water was selected as transparent model material. The distribution of sound field and flow field in water under ultrasonic action of 20 and 490 kHz was studied by means of numerical simulation and tracer particle experiment. The results show that increasing the radius of the variable amplitude rod can increase the sound pressure level in water and expand the occurrence area of cavitation effect. When the ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz, the maximum sound pressure in water appears at the lower end of the ultrasonic amplitude bar, and the sound pressure decreases significantly along the propagation distance. If the ultrasonic frequency increases to 490 kHz, water, the sound pressure level is obviously higher than that of 20 kHz, and the sound pressure exhibits periodic oscillations along the direction of ultrasonic propagation. The flow field in the water under the action of two kinds of frequency ultrasound shows similar distribution characteristics, and the average velocity increases at first and then decreases with the increase of the radius of the amplitude bar. When the radius of the variable amplitude rod is the same, the average velocity of 20 kHz frequency ultrasound is higher than that of 490 kHz frequency ultrasound. The velocity distribution in water was observed and measured in real time by tracer particle image velocimeter, and it was found that the velocity distribution was in good agreement with the calculated results.
【作者單位】： 西北工業(yè)大學理學院;西北工業(yè)大學航海學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(批準號:51327901,51571164) 陜西省科技新星項目(批準號:2016KJXX-85) 陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程重點實驗室項目資助的課題~~
【分類號】：TG111

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