煙氣輪機動葉片數(shù)控加工方法的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-24 00:34
【摘要】：葉片類零件是航空航天發(fā)動機、輪船燃氣輪機、煙氣輪機以及電力行業(yè)中所用的發(fā)電機等動力機械的主要工作零部件,它們有著廣泛的應用。這類零件在工作時,在經(jīng)過煙氣輪機動葉片的高溫高速氣體的推動下驅(qū)使主軸做旋轉(zhuǎn)運動。葉片的設計結構以及加工制造精度對整個機器的工作效率有著直接的影響。YL型煙氣輪機動葉片是一種復雜扭轉(zhuǎn)的自由曲面零件,曲面造型困難,其加工工藝性較差,在對其進行加工時,動葉片的實體造型及數(shù)控機床要求很高。傳統(tǒng)在普通的數(shù)控機床上先進行粗加工,再進行磨削、拋光等精加工;這種傳統(tǒng)的加工方式不僅費時而且難以保證所加工曲面的精度與質(zhì)量。隨著數(shù)控技術的日益發(fā)展,目前此類零件采用多軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控機床進行加工制造,從而保證了其加工精度以及提高了加工速度,但是在這種多軸聯(lián)動的數(shù)控加工過程中,各個軸對煙氣輪機動葉片相互作用,在力的作用下動葉片葉身極易發(fā)生形變,研究分析煙氣輪機動葉片的加工方法是很有必要的。本文以YL型煙氣輪機動葉片的數(shù)控加工的加工工藝規(guī)劃、CAM編程技術、葉片加工過程中切削變形的有限元仿真等進行研究。對YL型動葉片的結構設計、動葉片空間型線坐標以及數(shù)控加工過程進行了分析研究。首先運用了NURBS曲線的擬合算法,將節(jié)點插入算法應用到了動葉片截面型線造型中,采用了UG軟件中的NURBS樣條曲線構造器功能,在多個截面上能夠準確的繪制出了動葉片的截面曲線造型,并利用UG的NURBS曲面造型模塊生成了YL型煙氣輪機動葉片的實體模型。根據(jù)零件的結構特點進行工藝分析,運用UG的加工模塊對其進行了加工仿真,并且生成了刀具軌跡。其次研究其在數(shù)控加工中的受力變形情況。運用ANSYS軟件分析了在切削加工中零件在切削力的作用下的變形,分析了葉片的受力分布。最后對YL型煙氣輪機動葉片的葉身曲面進行了CAM自動數(shù)控加工編程、生成了數(shù)控加工的NC代碼,并在并在MAZAK Integrex 200-ST型五軸聯(lián)動數(shù)控加工機床上進行加工試驗驗證,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:Blade parts are the main working parts of power machinery such as aerospace engine, ship gas turbine, flue gas turbine and generator used in power industry, which have a wide range of applications. When working, this kind of parts drive the spindle to rotate under the push of high temperature and high speed gas passing through the maneuvering blade of smoke wheel. The design structure and machining accuracy of the blade have a direct impact on the working efficiency of the whole machine. YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade is a kind of complex torsional free-form surface part, which is difficult to model and has poor machining technology. When machining, the solid modeling of moving blade and CNC machine tool are required to be very high. The traditional machining method is not only time-consuming but also difficult to guarantee the accuracy and quality of the surface machined by rough machining, then grinding, polishing and other finishing on ordinary NC machine tools. With the development of numerical control technology, this kind of parts are manufactured by multi-axis linkage NC machine tool at present, which ensures its machining accuracy and improves the machining speed, but in this kind of multi-axis linkage NC machining process, Each shaft interacts with the maneuvering blade of the flue gas wheel, and the blade body is easy to deform under the action of force. It is necessary to study and analyze the machining method of the maneuvering blade of the flue gas wheel. In this paper, the machining process planning, CAM programming technology and finite element simulation of cutting deformation of YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade are studied. The structure design, spatial profile coordinates and NC machining process of YL moving blade are analyzed and studied. Firstly, the fitting algorithm of NURBS curve is used, and the node insertion algorithm is applied to the section profile modeling of moving blade, and the function of NURBS Spline Curve Constructor in UG software is adopted. The section curve modeling of the moving blade can be accurately drawn on multiple sections, and the solid model of the YL exhaust turbine maneuvering blade is generated by using the NURBS surface modeling module of UG. According to the structural characteristics of the parts, the process analysis is carried out, and the machining simulation is carried out by using the machining module of UG, and the tool path is generated. Secondly, the stress and deformation of NC machining are studied. The deformation of parts under the action of cutting force in cutting is analyzed by using ANSYS software, and the force distribution of blade is analyzed. Finally, the CAM automatic NC machining programming is carried out for the blade surface of YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade, and the NC code of NC machining is generated, and the machining test is carried out on the MAZAK Integrex 200-ST five-axis linkage NC machining machine tool. Good results have been achieved.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG659
[Abstract]:Blade parts are the main working parts of power machinery such as aerospace engine, ship gas turbine, flue gas turbine and generator used in power industry, which have a wide range of applications. When working, this kind of parts drive the spindle to rotate under the push of high temperature and high speed gas passing through the maneuvering blade of smoke wheel. The design structure and machining accuracy of the blade have a direct impact on the working efficiency of the whole machine. YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade is a kind of complex torsional free-form surface part, which is difficult to model and has poor machining technology. When machining, the solid modeling of moving blade and CNC machine tool are required to be very high. The traditional machining method is not only time-consuming but also difficult to guarantee the accuracy and quality of the surface machined by rough machining, then grinding, polishing and other finishing on ordinary NC machine tools. With the development of numerical control technology, this kind of parts are manufactured by multi-axis linkage NC machine tool at present, which ensures its machining accuracy and improves the machining speed, but in this kind of multi-axis linkage NC machining process, Each shaft interacts with the maneuvering blade of the flue gas wheel, and the blade body is easy to deform under the action of force. It is necessary to study and analyze the machining method of the maneuvering blade of the flue gas wheel. In this paper, the machining process planning, CAM programming technology and finite element simulation of cutting deformation of YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade are studied. The structure design, spatial profile coordinates and NC machining process of YL moving blade are analyzed and studied. Firstly, the fitting algorithm of NURBS curve is used, and the node insertion algorithm is applied to the section profile modeling of moving blade, and the function of NURBS Spline Curve Constructor in UG software is adopted. The section curve modeling of the moving blade can be accurately drawn on multiple sections, and the solid model of the YL exhaust turbine maneuvering blade is generated by using the NURBS surface modeling module of UG. According to the structural characteristics of the parts, the process analysis is carried out, and the machining simulation is carried out by using the machining module of UG, and the tool path is generated. Secondly, the stress and deformation of NC machining are studied. The deformation of parts under the action of cutting force in cutting is analyzed by using ANSYS software, and the force distribution of blade is analyzed. Finally, the CAM automatic NC machining programming is carried out for the blade surface of YL type flue gas wheel maneuvering blade, and the NC code of NC machining is generated, and the machining test is carried out on the MAZAK Integrex 200-ST five-axis linkage NC machining machine tool. Good results have been achieved.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG659
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