【摘要】：新型高鋁青銅磷光耐磨自敏涂層(Cu-14A1-X/SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+))不僅具有高鋁青銅合金粉末良好的耐磨耐蝕性能,而且利用磷光材料優(yōu)異的發(fā)光性能高效快捷的監(jiān)測摩擦磨損狀況,顯示出重要的科學研究價值和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。通常采用真空熱壓燒結(jié)、熱噴涂、冷噴涂技術(shù)、電化學沉積、爆炸噴涂等技術(shù)制備耐磨自敏涂層,但由于涂層中的發(fā)光顆粒SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)受制備環(huán)境的影響,如高溫高壓,金屬接觸,合金反應(yīng),高速碰撞等,對其中的磷光指示粒子的發(fā)光性能產(chǎn)生猝滅。本文通過真空熱壓燒結(jié),超音速等離子噴涂和冷噴涂技術(shù)制備耐磨自敏涂層,將探討不同制備工藝對金屬基耐磨指示涂層中熒光粉的猝滅影響因素,并提出合理的猝滅機理。通過真空熱壓燒結(jié)技術(shù)在不同溫度下制備耐磨自敏涂層,光譜觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)隨溫度升高涂層發(fā)光強度出現(xiàn)一定程度增強,鋁酸鍶在涂層中的相結(jié)構(gòu)并未改變且結(jié)晶性能越來越好,所以在燒結(jié)涂層中熱猝滅并不是它主要的影響因素。在熱壓燒結(jié)過程中金屬接觸對涂層影響最大,采用銅基、鎳基、錳基、鐵基、高鋁青銅分別復(fù)合SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)制備不同金屬基復(fù)合涂層,結(jié)果表明鋁酸鍶在燒結(jié)過程中受高鋁青銅金屬粉末影響,使熒光粉電子躍遷幾率減小,削弱發(fā)光,且錳粉對磷光粉猝滅作用最大,鎳粉對磷光粉的猝滅作用最小。通過改變超音速等離子噴涂氫氣流量制備不同溫度熱噴涂涂層,隨溫度的升高,涂層發(fā)光性能降低,出現(xiàn)熱猝滅現(xiàn)象。XRD分析發(fā)現(xiàn)涂層物相主要為Al Fe、Al Fe_3、Cu_9Al_4和SrAl_2O_4,除此之外還有發(fā)光雜質(zhì)相SrAl_4O_7和Sr Fe_2O_4;涂層鋁酸鍶出現(xiàn)熔融趨勢,但涂層表面變的平整,孔洞減少。熒光粉在超音速等離子噴涂耐磨指示涂層中主要受熱猝滅影響,涂層中部分鋁酸鍶顆粒經(jīng)等離子高溫焰流加熱獲得高熱能達到猝滅臨界點,以振動能釋放能量,增加無輻射躍遷幾率。通過冷噴涂技術(shù)制備不同磷光粉體積分數(shù)的耐磨自敏涂層,隨熒光粉含量增加,涂層表面發(fā)光粒子沉積率逐漸降低,超音速等離子噴涂涂層呈現(xiàn)相反的規(guī)律。冷噴涂涂層中鋁酸鍶硬質(zhì)顆粒起到很好的噴丸和夯實作用,使得涂層厚度隨磷光粒子含量的增加逐漸增大,表面由層疊狀逐漸變得不規(guī)整。當磷光粉體積分數(shù)為30%時,冷噴涂涂層和熱噴涂涂層磷光粉體積分數(shù)為25%的涂層沉積率一致。熒光粉在冷噴涂耐磨指示涂層中的猝滅主要是機械作用,鋁酸鍶粒子在噴涂時速度較大,硬質(zhì)顆粒在獲得較大動能后發(fā)生碎裂,使顆粒變小缺陷增加,機械作用力導(dǎo)致的猝滅大于熱噴涂涂層中熱猝滅效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:The new high aluminum bronze phosphorescence wear resistant self-sensitive coating (Cu-14A1-X/SrAl_2O_4:Eu~ (2), Dy~ (3) not only has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance of high aluminum bronze alloy powder. Moreover, the excellent luminous properties of phosphorescence materials are used to monitor friction and wear efficiently and quickly, which shows important scientific research value and broad application prospect. Wear-resistant self-sensitive coatings are usually prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering, thermal spraying, cold spraying, electrochemical deposition, explosive spraying and so on, but because of the luminous particles SrAl_2O_4:Eu~ (2) in the coatings, Dy~ (3) is affected by the preparation environment, such as high temperature and high pressure, metal contact, alloy reaction, high speed collision and so on, which quenches the luminous properties of phosphorescence indicating particles. In this paper, wear-resistant self-sensitive coatings were prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering, supersonic plasma spraying and cold spraying. The factors affecting the quenching of fluorescent powder in metal-based wear-resistant indicator coatings were discussed, and the reasonable quenching mechanism was put forward. Wear-resistant self-sensitive coatings were prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering at different temperatures. It was found that the luminous intensity of the coatings increased to a certain extent with the increase of temperature. The phase structure of strontium aluminate in the coatings did not change and the crystallization properties became better and better. Therefore, thermal quenching is not the main influencing factor in sintered coatings. In the process of hot pressing sintering, metal contact has the greatest influence on the coating. Different metal base composite coatings are prepared by using copper base, nickel base, manganese base, iron base and high aluminum bronze composite SrAl_2O_4:Eu~ (2) and Dy~ (3), respectively. The results show that strontium aluminate is affected by high aluminum bronze metal powder during sintering, which reduces the electron transition probability of phosphor powder and weakens the emission. Manganese powder has the greatest quenching effect on phosphor powder and nickel powder has the smallest quenching effect on phosphor powder. Different temperature thermal spraying coatings were prepared by changing supersonic plasma spraying hydrogen flow rate. With the increase of temperature, the luminous properties of the coatings decreased and the thermal quenching phenomenon appeared. XRD analysis showed that the coating phase was mainly Al Fe,Al Fe_3,. In addition to Cu_9Al_4 and SrAl_2O_4, there are luminous impurity phases SrAl_4O_7 and Sr Fe_2O_4;. The melting trend of strontium aluminate appeared, but the surface of the coating became smooth and the pores decreased. The wear resistance of fluorescent powder in supersonic plasma spraying indicates that it is mainly affected by thermal quenching. Some strontium alginate particles in the coating are heated by plasma high temperature flame flow to obtain high thermal energy to reach the quenching critical point, and the vibration energy is released. Increase the probability of non-radiative transition. Wear-resistant self-sensitive coatings with different volume fraction of phosphor powder were prepared by cold spraying technology. with the increase of phosphor content, the deposition rate of luminous particles on the surface of the coating decreased gradually, and the supersonic plasma spraying coating showed the opposite law. Strontium alginate hard particles in cold spraying coating play a good role in shot peening and compaction, so that the thickness of the coating increases with the increase of phosphorescence particle content, and the surface becomes irregular from laminated to irregular. When the volume fraction of phosphor powder is 30%, the deposition rate of cold sprayed coating and thermal sprayed coating with 25% phosphor powder volume fraction is the same. The quenching of fluorescent powder in cold spraying wear resistance indicates that the quenching of strontium aluminate particles is mainly mechanical. Strontium aluminate particles are sprayed at a higher speed, and the hard particles break up after obtaining greater kinetic energy, which increases the size of the particles. The quenching effect caused by mechanical force is greater than that in thermal spraying coating.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG174.4;TQ422

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