【摘要】：在我國,管體坡口切削技術(shù)依然較國外先進(jìn)技術(shù)有較大差距,以至于現(xiàn)在管體坡口切削專用數(shù)控機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及工藝依然依賴國外,使加工成本居高不下,限制了我國制造業(yè)的發(fā)展。隨著我國裝備制造業(yè)及其高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,對(duì)管體坡口加工技術(shù)的要求越來越高,對(duì)管體坡口專用加工機(jī)床的穩(wěn)定性要求也就越來越高。本文通過分析管體坡口專用加工機(jī)床關(guān)鍵部件的動(dòng)態(tài)特性,找到變形最大的區(qū)域,確定關(guān)鍵零部件的固有頻率,明確其固有振型及變形趨勢(shì),以便對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)以及再制造設(shè)計(jì)。首先,通過研究管體坡口的特點(diǎn),確定了管體坡口專用加工機(jī)床的加工方案。根據(jù)機(jī)床的加工方案和設(shè)計(jì)要求確定了機(jī)床的總體布局,明確了機(jī)床各重要部件的運(yùn)動(dòng)關(guān)系和結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸并分析了機(jī)床的銑頭擺角誤差。其次,應(yīng)用三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件建立三維實(shí)體模型,利用接口技術(shù)將三維實(shí)體模型導(dǎo)入有限元分析軟件,建立機(jī)床關(guān)鍵部件的有限元模型,并驗(yàn)證了模型的收斂性。在深入研究并掌握了動(dòng)力學(xué)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用有限元分析軟件對(duì)機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得到了各個(gè)部件的前5階固有頻率和振型,明確了變形趨勢(shì)和最大變形區(qū)域。然后,在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)最大變形區(qū)域內(nèi)的指定點(diǎn)應(yīng)用有限元分析軟件進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)分析,得到了變形位移與激振力振動(dòng)頻率的關(guān)系曲線圖,并預(yù)測(cè)了機(jī)床在正常工作狀態(tài)下各個(gè)關(guān)鍵部件的最大變形位移,以便對(duì)其進(jìn)一步的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和再制造設(shè)計(jì)。最后,在不改變立柱外形尺寸的前提下,利用有限元分析軟件對(duì)立柱內(nèi)部筋板的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),經(jīng)過優(yōu)化,達(dá)到了在保證動(dòng)態(tài)特性基本不變的情況下,降低質(zhì)量的目的。本文旨在通過分析管體坡口專用加工機(jī)床的動(dòng)態(tài)特性,預(yù)測(cè)機(jī)床關(guān)鍵部件的動(dòng)態(tài)性能,為機(jī)床的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù),從而達(dá)到提高機(jī)床的加工質(zhì)量和加工效率,降低機(jī)床的生產(chǎn)成本的目的。
[Abstract]:In our country, the cutting technology of pipe groove is still far behind that of foreign advanced technology, so that the key technology and technology of numerical control machine tool for pipe groove cutting are still dependent on foreign countries, which makes the machining cost high. It has restricted the development of our country's manufacturing industry. With the development of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech industry in our country, the requirement of pipe groove machining technology is higher and higher, and the stability of special-purpose pipe groove machining machine is also higher and higher. Based on the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the key parts of the special machining machine tool for pipe groove, this paper finds the most deformed area, determines the natural frequency of the key parts, and clarifies the inherent mode shape and deformation trend of the key parts. In order to optimize the machine design and re-manufacture design. First of all, by studying the characteristics of pipe groove, the machining scheme of special machining machine for pipe groove is determined. According to the machining scheme and design requirements of the machine tool, the overall layout of the machine tool is determined, the motion relation and the structure dimension of the important parts of the machine tool are defined, and the error of the milling head swing angle is analyzed. Secondly, the 3D solid model is established by using the 3D design software, and the 3D solid model is imported into the finite element analysis software by using the interface technology. The finite element model of the key parts of the machine tool is established, and the convergence of the model is verified. Based on the in-depth study and grasp of the dynamics theory, the modal analysis of the key components of the machine tool is carried out by using the finite element analysis software, and the first five natural frequencies and mode shapes of each component are obtained. The deformation trend and maximum deformation area are defined. Then, on the basis of modal analysis, the finite element analysis software is used to analyze the harmonic response of the designated points in the maximum deformation region, and the curve of the relation between the deformation displacement and the vibration frequency of the excitation force is obtained. The maximum deformation displacement of the key parts of the machine under normal working condition is predicted in order to further optimize the design and re-manufacture design of the machine tool. Finally, the finite element analysis software is used to optimize the structural size of the stiffened plate in the column without changing the shape size of the column. After optimization, the dynamic characteristics of the column are basically unchanged, and the finite element analysis software is used to optimize the structure size of the internal stiffened plate of the column. The purpose of reducing quality. The purpose of this paper is to predict the dynamic performance of the key parts of the machine tool by analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the special machining machine for the groove of the pipe body, so as to provide the basis for the optimization design of the machine tool, so as to improve the machining quality and efficiency of the machine tool. The purpose of reducing the production cost of machine tools.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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