【摘要】：金屬材料中殘余奧氏體會影響其硬度、耐磨性、接觸疲勞性等材料物理性能和機(jī)械性能。在外界應(yīng)力和摩擦作用下金屬材料中殘余奧氏體會發(fā)生相變,嚴(yán)重時可能引發(fā)金屬材料失效等安全事故。為保證金屬材料品質(zhì),了解金屬材料服役狀態(tài),需要對金屬材料中殘余奧氏體含量進(jìn)行測量。磁測法作為一種非接觸的測量方法,具有成本低,周期短,對材料無損傷的優(yōu)點(diǎn),應(yīng)用前景十分廣泛。本文在分析了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于磁測法測量金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量的基礎(chǔ)上,對交流磁化過程中金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量測量進(jìn)行了研究,主要包括:(1)設(shè)計了一種九腳結(jié)構(gòu)的殘余奧氏體含量測量磁傳感器,并利用有限元電磁仿真軟件ANSYS Maxwell對九腳磁傳感器建模分析,研究了磁傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、線圈參數(shù)、激勵參數(shù)等對九腳磁傳感器輸出信號和磁特性的影響,最后基于最優(yōu)原則,確定了九腳磁傳感器相關(guān)參數(shù)。(2)基于磁測法原理推導(dǎo)了交流磁化過程中金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量與金屬材料交流磁導(dǎo)率有效值的計算模型,建立了基于九腳磁傳感器模型的金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量計算模型,為交流磁化過程中測量金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量提供理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)基于本文研究的交流磁化過程中金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量測量方法設(shè)計和制作了金屬材料殘余奧氏體含量測量系統(tǒng),分析了九腳磁傳感器溫度變化和試樣殘余磁化對系統(tǒng)輸出的影響,結(jié)果表明溫度變化和試樣殘余磁化對系統(tǒng)測量結(jié)果影響非常明顯,在測量材料殘余奧氏體含量之前應(yīng)對試樣進(jìn)行退磁操作和對磁傳感器不少于150s的預(yù)熱操作,以保證測量結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性和系統(tǒng)的可重復(fù)性。(4)對Q235低碳鋼材料進(jìn)行了殘余奧氏體含量測量實驗,將試驗中測量結(jié)果與X射線衍射儀(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法)測量結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比和數(shù)據(jù)分析,結(jié)果表明本文中的系統(tǒng)測量結(jié)果與X射線衍射儀測量結(jié)果具有較高的一致性,證明了本文所建立的交流磁化過程中金屬材料殘余奧氏體計算模型的正確性以及測量系統(tǒng)的有效性。
[Abstract]:The residual austenite in metallic materials will affect the physical and mechanical properties of such materials as hardness, wear resistance and contact fatigue. The residual austenite in metal materials will undergo phase transformation under external stress and friction, which may lead to safety accidents such as failure of metal materials. In order to ensure the quality of metal materials and understand the service state of metal materials, it is necessary to measure the content of residual austenite in metal materials. As a non-contact measurement method, magnetic measurement has the advantages of low cost, short period and no damage to materials. Based on the analysis of the measurement of residual austenite content in metal materials by magnetic measurement at home and abroad, the measurement of residual austenite content in metal materials during alternating current magnetization is studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) A magnetic sensor is designed to measure the residual austenite content in a nine-legged structure. The magnetic sensor is modeled and analyzed by using the finite element electromagnetic simulation software ANSYS Maxwell. The structure parameters and coil parameters of the magnetic sensor are studied. The effects of excitation parameters on the output signal and magnetic characteristics of the nine-legged magnetic sensor are discussed. Finally, based on the optimal principle, The related parameters of the nine-pin magnetic sensor are determined. (2) based on the principle of magnetic measurement, the calculation model of the residual austenite content of metal material and the effective value of AC permeability of metal material in the process of alternating current magnetization is derived. The calculation model of residual austenite content in metal materials based on the nine-footed magnetic sensor model is established. It provides a theoretical basis for the measurement of residual austenite content in metal materials during alternating current magnetization. (3) based on the research in this paper, the measurement method of residual austenite content in metal materials during AC magnetization is designed and fabricated. Residual austenite content measurement system, The effect of temperature change and residual magnetization of the sample on the output of the system is analyzed. The results show that the temperature change and the residual magnetization of the sample have a very obvious effect on the measurement results of the system. The sample shall be demagnetized before measuring the residual austenite content of the material and preheated to the magnetic sensor for not less than 150 s, In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and the repeatability of the system. (4) the residual austenite content of Q235 low carbon steel was measured. The experimental results are compared with those measured by X-ray diffractometer (standard method). The results show that the system measurement results in this paper are in good agreement with the X-ray diffractometer measurements. It is proved that the calculation model of residual austenite in metal material and the validity of measuring system are established in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG115.5

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