【摘要】：隨著汽車和輪胎輕量化的發(fā)展趨勢,鋼簾線需要發(fā)展高強(qiáng)度的冷拔鋼絲;硅片和藍(lán)寶石晶片切割為減少鋸縫和材料損失,也迫切要求發(fā)展高強(qiáng)度的細(xì)鋼絲。然而,通過增加塑性應(yīng)變量提高鋼絲力學(xué)性能的方法到達(dá)了瓶頸,急需尋找其他的有效途徑。本文利用Abaqus有限元分析軟件對鋼絲多道次拉拔過程進(jìn)行模擬仿真運(yùn)算,并進(jìn)行了多道次拉拔鋼絲的力學(xué)性能實(shí)驗(yàn),旨在明確冷拉大變形過程中應(yīng)變路徑的規(guī)律,以獲得基于應(yīng)變路徑的組織演變和力學(xué)性能的理論基礎(chǔ),為通過應(yīng)變路徑控制組織演變開發(fā)高強(qiáng)度的鋼絲提供一條新思路和新方法。文中首先討論了應(yīng)變路徑的概念和表征方法,確定了以偏應(yīng)力張量施密特因子表征應(yīng)變路徑演變的方法。然后針對珠光體鋼絲多道次冷拉拔的生產(chǎn)工藝,結(jié)合有限元軟件的特點(diǎn),運(yùn)用場變量傳遞和網(wǎng)格重劃分的技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對珠光體鋼絲多道次拉拔應(yīng)變路徑全紀(jì)錄有限元模型的建立。并針對拉拔大變形以及鋼絲表層到心部力學(xué)性能不均勻的問題,基于實(shí)驗(yàn)構(gòu)建和修正了大變形量材料模型。對珠光體鋼絲進(jìn)行多道次拉拔模擬。發(fā)現(xiàn)鋼絲多道次拉拔過程中,各道次在心部到表層方向上的等效應(yīng)變分布規(guī)律相同,且鋼絲心部等效應(yīng)變值最小,次表層處等效應(yīng)變值最大。23道次拉拔結(jié)束后,鋼絲的最大應(yīng)變值可達(dá)到4.360。計算了拉拔過程中的應(yīng)變路徑。結(jié)果表明不同位置處的材料經(jīng)歷了不同的應(yīng)變路徑變化:心部和表面材料的應(yīng)變路徑基本保持不變,其余部分在進(jìn)入定徑帶前經(jīng)歷了較大的應(yīng)變路徑變化,其中次表層材料經(jīng)歷的應(yīng)變路徑變化程度最大。研究了工藝參數(shù)對應(yīng)變路徑變化的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著模角增大,材料所經(jīng)歷的應(yīng)變路徑變化程度隨之增加;而隨著壓縮率的增加,材料的應(yīng)變路徑變化程度減小。測試了冷拉拔珠光體鋼絲不同半徑處的屈服強(qiáng)度。由于鋼絲在拉拔過程中經(jīng)歷了不同的應(yīng)變路徑,因此鋼絲的屈服強(qiáng)度在半徑方向上分布不均勻:表層的屈服強(qiáng)度最高;隨著半徑的減小,屈服強(qiáng)度先降低后升高;在相對半徑0.8處,屈服強(qiáng)度又逐漸下降。
[Abstract]:With the development of lightweight automobile and tire, steel cord needs to develop high strength cold drawn steel wire, silicon chip and sapphire chip cut in order to reduce saw seam and material loss, it is urgent to develop high strength fine steel wire. However, the method of improving the mechanical properties of steel wire by increasing plastic strain has reached the bottleneck, so it is urgent to find other effective ways. In this paper, Abaqus finite element analysis software is used to simulate and simulate the drawing process of multi-pass steel wire, and the experiment of mechanical properties of multi-pass drawing steel wire is carried out in order to clarify the rule of strain path in the process of cold drawing and large deformation. In order to obtain the theoretical basis of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties based on strain path, a new idea and method are provided for developing high strength steel wire by strain path control. In this paper, the concept and characterization method of strain path are discussed, and the method of characterizing strain path evolution by using Zhang Liang Schmitt factor of deviant stress is determined. Then according to the production technology of multi-pass cold drawing of pearlite steel wire, combined with the characteristics of finite element software, the technology of field variable transfer and grid re-division is used. The finite element model of multi-pass drawing strain path of pearlite wire is established. Aiming at the problems of large deformation in drawing and uneven mechanical properties from the surface to the center of steel wire, the material model of large deformation is constructed and modified based on experiments. The multi-pass drawing simulation of pearlite wire was carried out. It is found that in the process of multi-pass drawing of steel wire, the distribution of equivalent strain is the same in the direction from the center to the surface of the wire, and the equivalent strain at the center of the wire is the smallest, and the equivalent strain at the subsurface is the largest. After 23 times of drawing, the equivalent strain is the same. The maximum strain value of steel wire can reach 4.360. The strain paths during drawing are calculated. The results show that the materials at different positions undergo different strain path changes: the strain paths of the core and surface materials remain basically unchanged, and the rest of the materials undergo great strain path changes before entering the diametric zone. The change of strain path of subsurface material is the biggest. The influence of process parameters on the strain path change is studied. It is found that the strain path change degree increases with the increase of die angle, but decreases with the increase of compressibility. The yield strength of cold drawn pearlite wire at different radius was tested. Due to the different strain paths during drawing, the yield strength of the steel wire is not uniform in the radius direction: the yield strength of the surface layer is the highest, and the yield strength decreases first and then increases with the decrease of the radius. At the relative radius of 0.8, the yield strength decreases gradually.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG356.46

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