【摘要】：軟鋼阻尼器是一種新一代可被廣泛應用于耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)體系的利用軟鋼材料塑性變形來實現(xiàn)阻尼功能的結(jié)構(gòu)部件,具有穩(wěn)定可靠的工作性能和良好的耗能能力。軟鋼極低的屈服點可以保證阻尼器在建筑等主體結(jié)構(gòu)在受到地震等外界載荷之前迅速進入塑性變形階段,從而保證建筑等主體結(jié)構(gòu)的安全。軟鋼較大的塑性變形能力,可以保證阻尼器可以在地震中能夠有足夠的耗能能力,可以吸收掉地震中產(chǎn)生的能量,從而保護建筑等主體結(jié)構(gòu)的安全。本文對目前阻尼器中常用的幾種金屬材料的耗能特性進行了綜合分析與對比。通過對不同金屬材料的屈服強度,循環(huán)效應以及大塑性變形行為進行詳細全面的量化分析與對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)幾種金屬材料在剪切載荷作用下,表現(xiàn)出比拉伸條件下更大的變形能力;同時軟鋼材料相對于其他幾種材料在變形能力和耗能上都有著巨大的優(yōu)勢。因此本文以軟鋼材料為研究對象,對其在多種載荷條件下的大塑性變形行為進行了深入的研究�；诰�性優(yōu)化準則對頸縮效應下的軟鋼材料單軸拉伸大塑性變形特性進行研究,構(gòu)建軟鋼材料單向拉伸精確本構(gòu)模型及等效剪切應力應變本構(gòu)模型;對軟鋼材料單調(diào)剪切大塑性變形特性與循環(huán)剪切下的材料的循環(huán)硬化效應進行研究,構(gòu)建軟鋼材料單調(diào)剪切與循環(huán)剪切本構(gòu)模型方程;依據(jù)考慮初始屈服強度演化的雙屈服面模型及循環(huán)載荷下結(jié)構(gòu)的多軸效應,對本構(gòu)模型進行優(yōu)化修正,最終構(gòu)建準確描述軟鋼阻尼器大塑性變形行為的精確本構(gòu)模型。同時,根據(jù)建立的材料精確本構(gòu),提出雙曲線簡化本構(gòu)模型,并對其精確性進行驗證。本文建立的阻尼器結(jié)構(gòu)精確數(shù)值分析模型及材料精確本構(gòu)模型,實現(xiàn)了阻尼器結(jié)構(gòu)小變形至大塑性變形下力學特性及變形行為的準確模擬,對準確評估阻尼器耗能性能和結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性分析具有重要意義。同時,本文提出的精確本構(gòu)詳細的建模過程,對今后材料的大塑性本構(gòu)精確建模具有重要參考意義。
[Abstract]:Mild steel damper is a new generation of structural parts which can be widely used in energy dissipation structure system. It has stable and reliable working performance and good energy dissipation ability by using soft steel material plastic deformation to achieve damping function. The very low yield point of mild steel can ensure that the dampers can quickly enter the plastic deformation stage before the building and other main structures are subjected to external loads such as earthquakes, thus ensuring the safety of the main structures such as buildings. The large plastic deformation capacity of mild steel can ensure that the dampers can have enough energy dissipation capacity in earthquakes and absorb the energy generated in earthquakes, thus protecting the safety of the main structures such as buildings. In this paper, the energy dissipation characteristics of several metal materials commonly used in dampers are comprehensively analyzed and compared. Through the quantitative analysis and comparison of yield strength, cyclic effect and large plastic deformation behavior of different metal materials, it is found that the deformation capacity of several metal materials under shear load is greater than that under tensile condition. At the same time, the soft steel material has a great advantage over other kinds of materials in deformability and energy dissipation. Therefore, the large plastic deformation behavior of soft steel under various loads is studied in this paper. Based on linear optimization criterion, the uniaxial tensile large plastic deformation characteristics of soft steel materials under necking effect were studied, and the exact constitutive model of uniaxial tension and equivalent shear strain constitutive model of soft steel materials were constructed. The large plastic deformation characteristics of monotone shear and cyclic hardening of soft steel materials are studied and the constitutive equations of monotone shear and cyclic shear of soft steel are established. According to the double yield surface model considering the evolution of initial yield strength and the multiaxial effect of the structure under cyclic load, the constitutive model is optimized and modified, and an accurate constitutive model for describing the large plastic deformation behavior of the soft steel damper is constructed. At the same time, a simplified hyperbolic constitutive model is proposed based on the material exact constitutive model, and its accuracy is verified. The precise numerical analysis model and the material exact constitutive model of the damper structure are established in this paper. The mechanical characteristics and deformation behavior of the damper structure under small deformation to large plastic deformation are simulated accurately. It is of great significance to evaluate the energy dissipation performance and structural stability of dampers accurately. At the same time, the detailed modeling process of the precise constitutive model proposed in this paper is of great significance for the accurate modeling of the large plastic constitutive model of materials in the future.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG142.1

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