【摘要】：紫雜銅中多種微量雜質(zhì)元素并存,其中的雜質(zhì)元素會(huì)惡化銅材的加工性能和物理力學(xué)性能,進(jìn)而縮短銅材的使用壽命。稀土元素在紫雜銅中可以起到除雜、微合金化、細(xì)化組織、改善力學(xué)性能和耐蝕性能等多種作用。分別從稀土元素鑭、鈰在銅中除雜的熱力學(xué)原理、除雜順序、稀土相的存在形式、微合金化機(jī)制、稀土誘導(dǎo)銅微觀組織轉(zhuǎn)變的判據(jù)及工業(yè)化應(yīng)用等方面進(jìn)行了研究和闡述。結(jié)果表明,稀土的凈化作用、晶粒細(xì)化及第二相強(qiáng)化作用可以改善紫雜銅的力學(xué)性能和耐蝕性能,稀土Ce除雜的熱力學(xué)順序?yàn)?OSBiSnPbSiAlAgFe。稀土微合金化可以使銅的凝固組織發(fā)生柱狀晶向等軸晶的轉(zhuǎn)變(CET),稀土的凈化效應(yīng)和成分過(guò)冷共同作用導(dǎo)致了純銅中CET的轉(zhuǎn)變,建立了基于稀土含量為判據(jù)的CET預(yù)測(cè)模型,并確定了銅凝固組織發(fā)生CET轉(zhuǎn)變的臨界稀土La含量為0.14%。未來(lái),紫雜銅的稀土除雜直接再利用技術(shù)有望得到實(shí)際工業(yè)應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:There are many trace impurity elements in purple miscellaneous copper, among which impurity elements will worsen the processing property and physical and mechanical properties of copper, and then shorten the service life of copper. Rare earth elements can be used for removing impurities, microalloying, refining microstructure, improving mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in purple miscellaneous copper. The thermodynamic principle of rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium in copper removal, the order of impurity removal, the existing form of rare earth phase, the mechanism of microalloying, the criterion of rare earth induced microstructure transformation of copper and the industrial application of rare earth elements were studied and expounded respectively. The results show that the purification, grain refinement and second phase strengthening of rare earth can improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of purple miscellaneous copper. The thermodynamic order of rare earth Ce for removing impurities is as follows: OSBiSnPbSiAlAgFe. Rare earth microalloying can change the solidification structure of copper by columnar crystal to equiaxed crystal. The purification effect of (CET), rare earth and the supercooling of composition lead to the transformation of CET in pure copper. A prediction model of CET based on the criterion of rare earth content is established. The critical rare earth La content of CET transition in solidified structure of copper was determined to be 0.14%. In the future, the rare-earth direct reuse technology of purple copper is expected to be applied in industry.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院金屬研究所;煙臺(tái)大學(xué)環(huán)境與材料工程學(xué)院;沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院第二批支撐服務(wù)國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)科技行動(dòng)計(jì)劃專(zhuān)項(xiàng)支持項(xiàng)目(2012102) 山東省高等學(xué)校科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(J15LA52) 煙臺(tái)大學(xué)博士啟動(dòng)基金項(xiàng)目(HJ16B01)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG146.11;TG292

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