【摘要】：高溫合金小孔零件在航空航天領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用日趨廣泛,小孔加工一直是加工領(lǐng)域的難題,鉆削由于金屬去除率大效率高是孔加工中最常用的加工方式,小直徑鉆頭剛度低,鉆削時容易折斷會導(dǎo)致工件報廢,因此為了減少小直徑鉆頭鉆削高溫合金時易折斷現(xiàn)象,對鉆削過程中的鉆削力研究具有重要意義。本文通過仿真與試驗方法分析鉆削參數(shù)對鉆削力及鉆頭磨損的影響,對加工中的參數(shù)選擇具有指導(dǎo)作用。首先論述了麻花鉆的幾何參數(shù),并基于平面刃磨法對鉆頭進(jìn)行建模,查找了鉆削高溫合金時采用高速鋼刀具材料的牌號,之后用Deform-3D軟件進(jìn)行鉆削仿真,通過單因素方案分析了鉆頭直徑、轉(zhuǎn)速、進(jìn)給量和頂角對鉆削力的影響規(guī)律,并通過鉆削試驗驗證了仿真結(jié)果,通過正交試驗分析了影響鉆削力的主次因素,并計算了鉆削軸向力與轉(zhuǎn)矩的經(jīng)驗公式的系數(shù)。最后重點(diǎn)針對GH4169螺栓斜面上的保險絲孔設(shè)計了專用鉆削夾具。結(jié)果如下:(1)鉆削軸向力與轉(zhuǎn)矩隨鉆頭直徑、進(jìn)給量的增加而增加,軸向力隨頂角的增加而增加,轉(zhuǎn)矩隨頂角的增加而減小,隨著鉆頭轉(zhuǎn)速的增加軸向力與轉(zhuǎn)矩均減小,轉(zhuǎn)速過高會使鉆頭磨損更加嚴(yán)重。(2)鉆削GH4169時影響鉆削軸向力Fz的主次因素為鉆頭直徑進(jìn)給量轉(zhuǎn)速,影響轉(zhuǎn)矩M的主次因素為鉆頭直徑轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)給量。(3)經(jīng)過試驗,設(shè)計的適用于斜面上的螺栓保險系孔鉆削夾具具有更高的效率,可以應(yīng)用于實際生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:High temperature alloy small hole parts are widely used in aerospace field. Small hole machining is always a difficult problem in the field of machining. Due to the high efficiency of metal removal, drilling is the most commonly used machining method in hole machining, and the rigidity of small diameter bit is low. In order to reduce the breakage of small diameter bit in drilling high temperature alloy, it is very important to study the drilling force in drilling process. In this paper, the influence of drilling parameters on drilling force and bit wear is analyzed by means of simulation and test, which can guide the selection of drilling parameters. Firstly, the geometric parameters of twist drill are discussed, and the drill bit is modeled based on plane grinding method, and the grade of high speed steel tool material used in drilling superalloy is found, and then drilling simulation is carried out with Deform-3D software. The influence of drill diameter, rotation speed, feed rate and vertex angle on drilling force is analyzed by single factor scheme. The simulation results are verified by drilling test, and the primary and secondary factors affecting drilling force are analyzed by orthogonal test. The coefficients of empirical formulas for axial force and torque in drilling are calculated. Finally, the special drilling fixture is designed for the fuse hole on the GH4169 bolt slope. The results are as follows: (1) the axial force and torque of drilling increase with the diameter of bit and feed rate, the axial force increases with the increase of vertex angle, the torque decreases with the increase of vertex angle, and the axial force and torque decrease with the increase of bit speed. Too high rotational speed will make bit wear more serious. (2) the primary and secondary factors affecting drilling axial force Fz are bit diameter feed speed, and the primary and secondary factors affecting torque M are bit diameter speed feed. (3) after test, The design is more efficient and can be used in practical production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG52

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