【摘要】：TC4綜合性能優(yōu)越,在航空航天、生物醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。微銑削TC4等難加工材料時(shí),刀具的磨損和破損是面臨的主要問(wèn)題之一。將TC4用于高精度微型慣性器件等精密件的微加工時(shí),刀具磨損導(dǎo)致加工成本高而且很難得到高質(zhì)量的材料表面。采用激光輔助微銑削,可以提高TC4等難加工材料的切削性能,減輕刀具磨損、提高刀具壽命、降低切削力。刀具磨損是多種磨損機(jī)理作用的結(jié)果,激光的引入使刀具的磨損機(jī)理變得更加復(fù)雜。本文將以激光輔助微銑削TC4刀具磨損及切削力為研究對(duì)象展開研究。首先,對(duì)微銑削與激光輔助微銑削TC4這兩種加工方式下的無(wú)涂層硬質(zhì)合金微銑刀的刀具磨損進(jìn)行分析,確定其主要磨損機(jī)理。針對(duì)不同的磨損機(jī)理,結(jié)合微銑削切削特點(diǎn),考慮TC4材料性能隨溫度的變化進(jìn)行理論推導(dǎo),建立相應(yīng)的磨損率數(shù)學(xué)模型。將不同磨損機(jī)理的磨損率模型組合,得到微銑削與激光輔助微銑削的刀具磨損率數(shù)學(xué)模型。然后,利用建立的刀具磨損率數(shù)學(xué)模型,基于Fortran語(yǔ)言編寫磨損率公式,結(jié)合有限元仿真軟件Deform-3D的二次開發(fā)技術(shù),分別對(duì)微銑削與激光輔助微銑削TC4進(jìn)行三維仿真,研究主軸轉(zhuǎn)速、每齒進(jìn)給量、刀具刃口半徑等因素對(duì)刀具磨損、切削力及切削區(qū)域溫度等結(jié)果的影響。并對(duì)微銑削與激光輔助微銑時(shí)的刀具磨損、切削力、切削區(qū)域溫度等結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。最后,進(jìn)行無(wú)涂層刀具的微銑削、激光輔助微銑削TC4實(shí)驗(yàn)以及涂層刀具的激光輔助微銑削TC4實(shí)驗(yàn)。利用掃描電鏡等設(shè)備對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)前后微銑刀的形貌、磨損形式及刀尖元素能譜進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。研究激光輔助下主軸轉(zhuǎn)速、每齒進(jìn)給量對(duì)刀具磨損、銑削力的影響,并與相應(yīng)的仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比。仿真能夠正確反映各參數(shù)對(duì)刀具磨損、切削力的影響趨勢(shì),能夠大致反映切削力的數(shù)值。同時(shí)對(duì)激光、刀具涂層作用下的切削力、刀具磨損程度的變化情況進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。
[Abstract]:TC4 has a wide range of applications in aerospace, biomedical and other fields because of its superior comprehensive performance. The wear and breakage of cutting tools is one of the main problems in micro-milling of difficult materials such as TC4. When TC4 is used in micro machining of precision parts such as high precision micro inertial devices, cutting tool wear results in high cost and high quality material surface. Laser assisted micro-milling can improve the cutting performance of difficult materials such as TC4, reduce tool wear, increase tool life and reduce cutting force. Tool wear is the result of various wear mechanisms. In this paper, the wear and cutting force of laser assisted micro milling TC4 tool are studied. Firstly, the tool wear of uncoated cemented carbide micro-milling cutter under two machining modes of micro-milling and laser assisted micro-milling, TC4, is analyzed, and the main wear mechanism is determined. According to the different wear mechanism and the characteristics of micro-milling, considering the change of TC4 material properties with temperature, the mathematical model of wear rate is established. The wear rate models of micro-milling and laser-assisted micro-milling are obtained by combining the wear rate models of different wear mechanisms. Then, using the established mathematical model of tool wear rate, the wear rate formula is compiled based on Fortran language, and combined with the secondary development technology of finite element simulation software Deform-3D, the 3D simulation of micro-milling and laser-assisted micro-milling TC4 is carried out respectively. The effects of spindle speed, feed rate per tooth and cutting edge radius on cutting tool wear, cutting force and cutting zone temperature were studied. The results of tool wear, cutting force and temperature of cutting area were compared and analyzed between micro-milling and laser assisted micro-milling. Finally, the experiments of micro-milling without coating, TC4 experiment with laser assisted milling and TC4 experiment with laser assisted micro-milling of coated tool are carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to detect the morphology, wear and energy spectrum of micro milling cutter before and after the experiment. The effects of laser assisted spindle speed and feed per tooth on tool wear and milling force were studied and compared with the corresponding simulation results. The simulation can accurately reflect the influence trend of various parameters on tool wear and cutting force, and can roughly reflect the value of cutting force. At the same time, the change of cutting force and tool wear degree under the action of laser and tool coating are studied experimentally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG54;TG714

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