【摘要】：隨著機(jī)械行業(yè)的不斷向前發(fā)展和市場(chǎng)多元化需求,新型高強(qiáng)度、高硬度材料的深孔加工、異性復(fù)雜零件的深孔加工、高精密零件的深孔加工等不斷出現(xiàn),加工的難度也越來越大,這對(duì)深孔加工有了越來越高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因?yàn)樯羁准庸きh(huán)境和工藝的特殊性,這就會(huì)造成深孔工件不可避免的會(huì)發(fā)生難以預(yù)料的孔軸線偏斜問題,能否很好的解決深孔加工孔軸線偏斜的問題,直接影響深孔的加工精度和質(zhì)量,因此,在保證深孔加工高效率的前提下,如何保證在深孔加工過程中孔軸線不偏斜,是提高深孔加工精度和質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。本文闡述了深孔加工技術(shù)的研究背景及意義,簡(jiǎn)述了不同深孔加工系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)以及深孔加工存在的主要問題;分析了深孔加工孔軸線偏斜的機(jī)理及影響因素及導(dǎo)向套偏心和鉆桿剛度不足引起鉆桿偏斜的兩種理論模型以及孔軸線偏斜微分方程,并得出孔軸線偏斜量與各參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系;同時(shí)也總結(jié)了以前控制深孔加工孔軸線偏斜的方法,包括深孔加工前預(yù)防偏斜措施、新型擠壓油膜阻尼器糾偏以及工件附件外力糾偏;并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一種糾偏鉆桿,并論述了該方案的可行性,同時(shí)對(duì)糾偏鉆桿的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),包括糾偏鉆桿錐型體結(jié)構(gòu)的選擇、支撐位置的確定、偏心時(shí)徑向力的計(jì)算,并且通過理論分析和模型仿真分析,得出所設(shè)計(jì)的糾偏鉆桿有一定的糾偏作用。進(jìn)行糾偏鉆桿徑向力仿真分析時(shí),基于流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(CFD)理論,運(yùn)用FLUENT流體動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件分別研究了糾偏鉆桿錐形體為順錐時(shí)順錐有槽無槽、有無偏心等不同情況下設(shè)置相應(yīng)的邊界條件,對(duì)糾偏鉆桿錐形體順錐外壁與深孔內(nèi)壁之間的切削液流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行仿真分析,得到不同情況下模型的壓力分布圖和部分模型徑向力仿真值,并分析了深孔加工系統(tǒng)不同供油壓力對(duì)糾偏鉆桿順錐結(jié)構(gòu)承載能力的影響,糾偏鉆桿的設(shè)計(jì)為減小深孔加工孔軸線偏斜具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of machinery industry and diversified market demand, new high strength, high hardness material deep hole processing, heterosexual complex parts deep hole processing, high precision parts deep hole processing continue to appear. Processing is becoming more and more difficult, which has a higher and higher standard for deep hole processing. Because of the particularity of machining environment and technology of deep hole, this will inevitably cause the problem of hole axis deflection that is difficult to predict. Can we solve the problem of axis deflection of deep hole machining? The machining accuracy and quality of deep hole are directly affected. Therefore, it is the key to improve the precision and quality of deep hole machining that how to ensure that the axis of the hole is not skewed in the process of deep hole machining on the premise of ensuring high efficiency of deep hole machining. In this paper, the research background and significance of deep hole machining technology are described, and the characteristics of different deep hole machining systems and the main problems existing in deep hole machining are briefly described. This paper analyzes the mechanism and influencing factors of axial deflection of deep hole machining, two theoretical models of drill pipe deflection caused by eccentricity of guide sleeve and insufficient rigidity of drill pipe, and differential equations of deflection of hole axis, and obtains the relationship between the deflection of hole axis and the parameters. At the same time, the methods of controlling the deflection of the axis of the deep hole machining are summarized, including the measures of preventing the deviation before the processing of the deep hole, the deviation correction of a new type of squeeze film damper and the correction of the external force of the workpiece accessory, and a kind of rectifying drill pipe is designed on this basis. The feasibility of the scheme is discussed, and the structure of rectifying drill pipe is designed, including the selection of cone structure, the determination of support position, the calculation of radial force when eccentric, and the theoretical analysis and model simulation analysis. It is concluded that the designed drill pipe can correct the deviation to a certain extent. Based on the (CFD) theory of fluid dynamics and FLUENT software, the grooves and grooves of rectified drill pipes with conical cones are studied in this paper. Under different conditions, such as eccentricity or not, the flow field of cutting fluid between the conical outer wall and the inner wall of deep hole is simulated and analyzed. The pressure distribution diagram of the model and the radial force simulation value of part of the model are obtained under different conditions. The influence of different oil supply pressure on the load carrying capacity of the tapered structure of the rectifying drill pipe is analyzed in the deep hole machining system. The design of deflecting drill pipe is of great significance to reduce the axis deflection of deep hole machining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG52

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