本文選題：6016鋁合金 + 攪拌摩擦加工��； 參考：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,提高鋁合金塑性為主導(dǎo)的先進(jìn)材料技術(shù)已成為車輛輕量化發(fā)展的潮流。細(xì)化6000系鋁合金晶粒對提高其塑性成形性能有重要意義。本文基于攪拌摩擦加工6016鋁合金,利用金相顯微鏡(OM)、電子背散射衍射技術(shù)(EBSD)、X射線光譜儀(XRF)、顯微硬度和萬能拉伸等實(shí)驗(yàn)測試方法,系統(tǒng)研究了攪拌摩擦加工固溶和時(shí)效兩種狀態(tài)6016鋁合金的微觀組織、織構(gòu)特征和力學(xué)性能,同時(shí)對比和分析不同攪拌加工工藝對鋁合金微觀組織、織構(gòu)特征和力學(xué)性能的影響。主要結(jié)果如下:固溶態(tài)6016鋁合金在攪拌頭旋轉(zhuǎn)速度和加工進(jìn)給速度分別為800rpm和100mm/min的加工條件下能成功的使組織細(xì)化、均勻化、致密化。經(jīng)過攪拌摩擦加工后,發(fā)生動態(tài)再結(jié)晶,晶粒呈等軸晶,退火后晶粒沒有長大趨勢,具有很好的耐熱性。在攪拌中心區(qū)、冠狀區(qū)、前進(jìn)側(cè)、與后退側(cè)四個(gè)區(qū)域中,絲織構(gòu)最強(qiáng)分布在冠狀區(qū)、前進(jìn)側(cè)和后退側(cè)區(qū)域PD001方向上,在ND方向四個(gè)區(qū)中都表現(xiàn)出較弱的絲織構(gòu),冠狀區(qū)區(qū)域的主要織構(gòu)與攪拌中心區(qū)域的主要織構(gòu)相同,冠狀區(qū)織構(gòu)體積分?jǐn)?shù)略微強(qiáng)于攪拌中心區(qū)域織構(gòu)體積分?jǐn)?shù),前進(jìn)側(cè)區(qū)域主要織構(gòu)中沒有{112}111Copper織構(gòu),后退側(cè)區(qū)域主要織構(gòu)中沒有{001}110Cube織構(gòu)。固溶態(tài)攪拌摩擦加工后,常溫下延伸率得到顯著提升,合金硬度隨著TD方向延伸,是先減小后增大,呈現(xiàn)出凹字形狀圖像。時(shí)效態(tài)6016鋁合金在800rpm和100mm/min的加工條件下能成功的進(jìn)行組織性能優(yōu)化。經(jīng)過攪拌摩擦加工后,發(fā)生動態(tài)再結(jié)晶,晶粒細(xì)化,呈等軸晶,晶界第二相被攪碎或者溶解在組織內(nèi)。在攪拌中心區(qū)、冠狀區(qū)、前進(jìn)側(cè)、與后退側(cè)四個(gè)區(qū)域中,攪拌中心區(qū)域主要變形織構(gòu)沒有{236}385Brass、{123}634S織構(gòu),只有單一的{001}100Cube織構(gòu),冠狀區(qū)織構(gòu)體積分?jǐn)?shù)略微強(qiáng)于攪拌中心區(qū)域織構(gòu)體積分?jǐn)?shù),前進(jìn)側(cè)區(qū)域主要變形織構(gòu){124}211R、{123}634S、{025}100Brass、{236}385Brass,織構(gòu)體積分?jǐn)?shù)強(qiáng)于后退側(cè)任一織構(gòu)。時(shí)效態(tài)攪拌摩擦加工后,常溫下延伸率得到提高,合金硬度隨著TD方向延伸,是先增大后減小,呈現(xiàn)出凸字形狀圖像。600rpm、100mm/min,800rpm、100mm/min,1000rpm、100mm/min,1200rpm、100mm/min四組不同攪拌針旋轉(zhuǎn)速度,相同加工進(jìn)給速度都能成功對6016鋁合金進(jìn)行組織性能優(yōu)化。四組工藝都能細(xì)化晶粒,晶粒尺寸大小相近,沒有產(chǎn)生第二相,金屬不受毛刺缺陷、飛邊缺陷、匙孔缺陷的影響。最強(qiáng)絲織構(gòu)產(chǎn)生在1000rpm、100mm/min區(qū)域TD方向335、535絲織構(gòu),最強(qiáng)面織構(gòu)產(chǎn)生在600rpm、100mm/min區(qū)域ND方向(111)面織構(gòu),1200rpm、100mm/min區(qū)域主要變形織構(gòu){025}100Brass、{001}100Cube、{011}100Goss、{001}110Cube、{112}111Copper、{111}112Brass、{111}110Brass變化復(fù)雜。攪拌針旋轉(zhuǎn)速度和加工進(jìn)給速度800rpm、100mm/min加工條件下,能夠得到最高的抗拉強(qiáng)度和最好的延伸率。1200rpm、100mm/min的加工條件下能成功獲得高硬度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the advanced material technology of improving aluminum alloy plasticity has become the trend of vehicle lightweight development. It is important to refine the grain of 6000 series aluminum alloy to improve its plastic forming property. In this paper, based on friction stir processing of 6016 aluminum alloy, metallographic microscope (OM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) X-ray spectrometer (XRF), microhardness and universal tensile test were used. The microstructure, texture characteristics and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy with solid solution and aging in friction stir processing were systematically studied. The effects of different stirring processes on the microstructure, texture characteristics and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy were compared and analyzed. The main results are as follows: the solid solution 6016 aluminum alloy can refine, homogenize and densify the microstructure under the condition that the rotating speed of the stirring head and the machining feed rate are 800rpm and 100mm/min, respectively. After friction stir processing, dynamic recrystallization occurs, the grain is equiaxed, and the grain does not grow after annealing, so it has good heat resistance. Among the four regions of agitation center, coronal region, forward side, and receding side, the silk texture is the strongest in the coronal area, and in the forward and retrogressive region PD001, and in the ND direction, the silktexture is weaker in the four regions. The main texture of the coronal region is the same as the main texture of the stirring center. The volume fraction of the coronal texture is slightly stronger than the volume fraction of the texture in the stirring center, and there is no {112} 111 Copper texture in the main texture of the forward lateral region. There is no {001} 110 Cube texture in the main texture of the receding side. After solid solution friction stir processing, the elongation at room temperature was significantly increased, and the hardness of the alloy extended along TD direction, which decreased first and then increased, showing a concave shape image. The microstructure and properties of aged 6016 aluminum alloy can be optimized successfully under the conditions of 800rpm and 100mm/min. After friction stirring, dynamic recrystallization occurs, the grain is fine and equiaxed, the second phase of grain boundary is crushed or dissolved in the microstructure. In the four regions of agitation center region, coronal region, forward side, and receding side, the main deformation texture in the stirring center region has no {236} 385BrassS, {123} 634S texture, only a single {001} 100Cube texture, the main deformation texture in the stirring center region is not {236} 385BrassS, {123} 634S texture. The volume fraction of the coronal texture is slightly stronger than that of the stirring center, and the main deformation texture {124} 211R, {123} 634S, {025} 100 Brass, {236} 385Brass. the volume fraction of the texture is stronger than that of any texture on the receding side. After aging friction stir processing, the elongation at room temperature was increased, and the hardness of alloy increased first with TD direction, and then decreased, showing a convex shape image of .600rpmN 100mm / min ~ 100mm / min ~ 1000rpm ~ 100mm / min ~ 1200rpm / min ~ 100mm / min, four groups of four groups with different rotating speed of needle. The microstructure and properties of 6016 aluminum alloy can be optimized successfully at the same feed rate. All the four processes can refine the grain size and have no second phase. The metal is not affected by burr defect flash defect and keyhole defect. The strongest silk texture is produced in the 100mm / min TD direction of 1000rpmm-1 / min, and the strongest surface texture is produced in the 600rpmlm 100mm / min ND direction (111) plane texture. The main deformed texture {025} 100Brass, {001} 100Cube, {011} 100Goss, {001} 110Cube, {112} 111Copper, {111} 112Brassass, {111} 110Brass are complex. The highest tensile strength and the best elongation of 100 mm / min can be obtained under the conditions of rotating speed and feeding speed 800 rpm / min, and the high hardness can be obtained successfully under the condition of 100mm / min of rotation speed and feeding speed of the agitated needle, and the highest tensile strength and the best elongation of 100 mm / min can be obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG146.21

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