本文選題：電主軸系統(tǒng) + 有限元分析�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：機床熱誤差占機床綜合加工誤差的40%-75%,機床主軸系統(tǒng)熱變形是產(chǎn)生機床熱誤差的主要因素。熱誤差控制及補償是提高高速機床加工精度的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文以某車削中心為研究對象。在電主軸系統(tǒng)的發(fā)熱和傳熱機理分析的基礎(chǔ)上建立了計入接觸熱阻的有限元模型,進行了仿真分析；并搭建了機床溫度場測試平臺,展開了實驗測試；最后在仿真分析和實驗測試的基礎(chǔ)上提出了高速機床熱誤差的控制方法,設(shè)計了熱變形補償系統(tǒng)。首先,根據(jù)所研究的高速車削中心的實際工況,分析了電主軸系統(tǒng)的主要熱源及發(fā)熱機理,并探討了電主軸系統(tǒng)工況下涉及的傳熱和散熱機理；其次,在理論分析和實際模型的基礎(chǔ)上建立了有限元模型,對主軸系統(tǒng)進行有限元網(wǎng)格劃分過程中,提出并應(yīng)用網(wǎng)格裝配思路,大幅降低了大型裝配體網(wǎng)格劃分的難度；另外,計入接觸熱阻的有限元分析方法使高速車削中心電主軸系統(tǒng)的溫度場的有限元仿真分析結(jié)果與實際結(jié)果十分接近；然后,搭建了電主軸系統(tǒng)溫度場實時測試系統(tǒng),實施了實驗測試,實驗結(jié)果和仿真分析的結(jié)果吻合,表明仿真模型準確可靠。仿真和實驗結(jié)果顯示,在高轉(zhuǎn)速條件下,車削中心的主軸系統(tǒng)熱源發(fā)熱量急劇增加,當轉(zhuǎn)速大于3000r/min時,溫度上升十分顯著,因此可見高速機床不是普通機床的簡單升級。最后,探索了機床熱誤差的控制和補償方法。提出了恒溫暖機方法,可以縮短暖機時間,提高工作效率,提高機床加工精度。該方法是以有效利用冷卻水為切入點,利用循環(huán)水在暖機階段為機床加熱,工作階段為機床降溫,以此提高暖機效率。設(shè)計了一種壓電陶瓷驅(qū)動的高頻響熱變形補償驅(qū)動器,以期在線補償可預(yù)判的加工誤差。
[Abstract]:The thermal error of machine tool accounts for 40% to 75% of the error of machine tool comprehensive machining. The thermal deformation of machine tool spindle system is the main factor to produce the thermal error of machine tool. Thermal error control and compensation is the key technology to improve the machining accuracy of high speed machine tools. In this paper, a turning center is taken as the research object. Based on the analysis of heat and heat transfer mechanism of motorized spindle system, the finite element model with contact thermal resistance is established, and the simulation analysis is carried out, and the testing platform of temperature field of machine tool is built, and the experimental test is carried out. Finally, on the basis of simulation analysis and experimental test, the control method of thermal error of high-speed machine tool is put forward, and the thermal deformation compensation system is designed. Firstly, according to the actual working condition of the high-speed turning center studied, the main heat source and heating mechanism of the motorized spindle system are analyzed, and the heat transfer and heat dissipation mechanism of the motorized spindle system are discussed. On the basis of theoretical analysis and practical model, the finite element model is established. In the process of finite element mesh generation of spindle system, the idea of mesh assembly is put forward and applied, which greatly reduces the difficulty of mesh generation of large assembly. The finite element analysis method with contact thermal resistance makes the finite element simulation results of the temperature field of the high-speed turning center motorized spindle system very close to the actual results. Then, a real time measuring system for the temperature field of the motorized spindle system is built. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results, which show that the simulation model is accurate and reliable. The simulation and experimental results show that the heat source of the spindle system in the turning center increases sharply under the condition of high rotational speed, and the temperature rises significantly when the rotational speed is greater than 3000r/min, so it can be seen that the high-speed machine tool is not a simple upgrade of the common machine tool. Finally, the control and compensation methods of machine tool thermal error are explored. The method of constant warping machine is put forward, which can shorten the time of warming machine, improve the working efficiency and improve the machining precision of machine tool. This method takes the effective use of cooling water as the breakthrough point, using circulating water to heat the machine tool in the stage of heating machine and cooling the temperature of the machine tool in the working stage, so as to improve the efficiency of the heating machine. In this paper, a piezoelectric ceramic driven high frequency thermal deformation compensation driver is designed to compensate the preestimated machining error.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG51
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本文編號：1827917