本文關(guān)鍵詞： 機(jī)床能耗 鍵合圖 20-Sim　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)作為制造業(yè)大國(guó),制造業(yè)對(duì)資源、能源的消耗巨大,機(jī)床作為制造業(yè)中的工作母機(jī),同時(shí)我國(guó)機(jī)床設(shè)備保有量居世界第一位,由于機(jī)床能量利用率低,消耗大量的資源,因此,通過(guò)對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)行節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì),降低能源資源的消耗,對(duì)綠色制造的發(fā)展具有促進(jìn)作用。本文將機(jī)床能耗作為研究點(diǎn),以機(jī)床鍵合圖模型為基礎(chǔ),分析機(jī)床各部件的能耗,揭示機(jī)床加工過(guò)程能量流動(dòng)的變化規(guī)律,具體工作如下:本文對(duì)鍵合圖理論進(jìn)行概述,依據(jù)數(shù)控機(jī)床基本組成、工作原理以及能量源特性,分析機(jī)床能量流動(dòng)軌跡,建立能量路線圖;數(shù)控機(jī)床作為多種能量耦合的工程系統(tǒng),難以用統(tǒng)一的模型建立其動(dòng)態(tài)分析,依據(jù)鍵合圖理論,分析數(shù)控機(jī)床動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)及其能量消耗。按照數(shù)控機(jī)床的三大系統(tǒng),依據(jù)鍵合圖理論,建立系統(tǒng)各部件的鍵合圖模型,再建立主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)以及整個(gè)機(jī)床的鍵合圖模型;以CAK50315數(shù)控車(chē)床為例,通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)化鍵合圖模型,理論分析與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)合的方式確定各模型中的參數(shù)。基于20-Sim軟件仿真平臺(tái),對(duì)機(jī)床鍵合圖模型進(jìn)行仿真分析,分析主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)在不同轉(zhuǎn)速空載運(yùn)行時(shí),主軸電機(jī)輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩響應(yīng)與轉(zhuǎn)速響應(yīng)曲線,通過(guò)功率、轉(zhuǎn)速與轉(zhuǎn)矩的關(guān)系得到主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的空載功率消耗。分析進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)分別在50%與100%快速進(jìn)給過(guò)程中伺服電機(jī)輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩與轉(zhuǎn)速響應(yīng)曲線以及工作臺(tái)速度響應(yīng)曲線,得到進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)空載功率損耗。分析液壓系統(tǒng)中液壓泵輸出壓力、有桿腔與無(wú)桿腔壓力響應(yīng)曲線以及尾座速度響應(yīng)曲線,得到液壓系統(tǒng)功率消耗。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究機(jī)床的能耗特性,得到機(jī)床各系統(tǒng)空載功率消耗;輸入不同負(fù)載,仿真得到各系統(tǒng)的功率消耗,預(yù)測(cè)階梯軸加工過(guò)程中的功率消耗,并與實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比,誤差小于15%,證明模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:As a large manufacturing country, the manufacturing industry consumes a great deal of resources and energy, and machine tool is the working mother machine in the manufacturing industry. At the same time, the quantity of machine tool equipment in our country ranks first in the world, because of the low utilization rate of machine tool energy. Therefore, through energy-saving design of machine tools, reducing the consumption of energy resources, to promote the development of green manufacturing. This paper takes the energy consumption of machine tools as the research point. Based on the model of machine tool bond graph, the energy consumption of each part of machine tool is analyzed, and the law of energy flow in machine tool machining process is revealed. The specific work is as follows: this paper summarizes bond graph theory. According to the basic composition, working principle and energy source characteristic of NC machine tool, the energy flow track of machine tool is analyzed, and the energy roadmap is established. As a multi-energy coupled engineering system, numerical control machine tool is difficult to establish its dynamic analysis with a unified model, which is based on bond graph theory. The dynamic response and energy consumption of CNC machine tools are analyzed. According to the three systems of CNC machine tools, according to the bond graph theory, the bond graph model of each part of the system is established, and then the main transmission system and feed system are established. Hydraulic system and the whole machine tool bond graph model; Taking CAK50315 numerical control lathe as an example, the parameters of each model are determined by simplifying bond graph model, theoretical analysis and experiment. The simulation platform is based on 20-Sim software. The model of machine tool bond graph is simulated and analyzed. When the main drive system is running at different speed, the output torque response and the speed response curve of the spindle motor are analyzed through the power. No load power consumption of main drive system is obtained by the relation between rotational speed and torque. The output torque and speed response curve of servo motor and the speed response of worktable are analyzed in 50% and 100% fast feed process of feed system. Due curve. The output pressure of hydraulic pump in hydraulic system, the pressure response curve of rod cavity and non-rod cavity and the velocity response curve of tail seat are analyzed. The power consumption of hydraulic system is obtained. The energy consumption characteristics of machine tool are studied experimentally and the no-load power consumption of machine tool system is obtained. When different loads are input, the power consumption of each system is obtained by simulation, and the power consumption in the machining process of step shaft is predicted. Compared with the experiment, the error is less than 15, which proves the validity of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG519.1
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本文編號(hào)：1475968