【摘要】：干法制粉技術(shù)是一種能夠大幅度降低能源消耗、減少粉塵排放、降低陶瓷生產(chǎn)成本以及提高環(huán)保水平的陶瓷制粉工藝,具有非常好的發(fā)展前景。因?yàn)閷?duì)干法制粉技術(shù)的研究還不是很充分,還有一些技術(shù)問題沒有得到很好解決,目前尚未將其作為主流的制粉工藝。本文主要對(duì)干法制粉技術(shù)在陶瓷外墻磚的生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用上進(jìn)行探討,為干法制粉技術(shù)最終能應(yīng)用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)提供參考。對(duì)影響干法制粉生產(chǎn)的陶瓷磚性能的各種因素進(jìn)行了正交試驗(yàn)。用陶瓷坯體干燥強(qiáng)度、燒成后產(chǎn)品的斷裂模數(shù)、破壞強(qiáng)度和吸水率對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的極差分析,排列出影響陶瓷坯體性能因素的主次順序,并用方差分析確定因素的顯著性水平。結(jié)果顯示,在粘土含量、造粒干燥后顆粒的含水率、壓機(jī)壓力這三個(gè)因素中,粘土含量是最顯著因素,對(duì)陶瓷磚性能影響最大。不同晶相粘土對(duì)干法制粉技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的粒子和陶瓷坯體性能的影響不同�？伤苄愿叩恼惩疗涮沾纱u坯體干燥強(qiáng)度高。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,干法粉碎各種原料的粉體到同一細(xì)度后,再通過混合制備坯料,其顆粒流動(dòng)性較差,顆粒級(jí)配也達(dá)不到理想要求。通過單獨(dú)球磨粘土原料,使粘土在水和研磨力的同時(shí)作用下得到充分粉碎,并以加入粘土漿的形式代替水進(jìn)行干法制粉,可以提高干法制粉顆粒流動(dòng)性和改善顆粒級(jí)配。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),如果粉碎后粘土顆粒與其他原料的顆粒度相當(dāng),則粘土顆�？赡艹蔀檎掣狡渌ば粤系摹爸行摹�,造粒后顆粒表面以瘠性料為主。如果粉碎后的粘土顆粒尺寸遠(yuǎn)小于其他原料,則大比表面的粘土可能能夠“包裹”其他原料顆粒,各種瘠性原料能夠通過“包裹層”的粘土粘結(jié),造粒后顆粒的外表面以粘土為主。最后得到陶瓷坯體干燥強(qiáng)度到1.35MPa、成品吸水率為2.85%時(shí),其斷裂模數(shù)和破壞強(qiáng)度分別達(dá)到31.74MPa和922.9N。論文還比較了不同含量和不同組分粘土對(duì)陶瓷坯體綜合性能值的影響,含20%以上C10-1粘土應(yīng)用干法制粉得到的坯體及產(chǎn)品符合生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。論文最后從生產(chǎn)工藝流程、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)能耗量對(duì)干法制粉技術(shù)與噴霧干燥技術(shù)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,干法制粉工藝不僅占地面積小,而且應(yīng)用本文的試驗(yàn)方法相對(duì)節(jié)能35.2%。
[Abstract]:Dry powder technology is a kind of ceramic powder technology which can greatly reduce energy consumption, reduce dust emission, reduce the cost of ceramic production and improve the level of environmental protection. It has a very good development prospect. Because the research on dry powder technology is not enough, and some technical problems have not been solved well, it has not been taken as the mainstream pulverizing technology at present. This paper mainly discusses the application of dry powder technology in the production of ceramic outer wall tiles, which provides a reference for the final application of dry powder technology in practical production. Orthogonal experiments were carried out on various factors affecting the properties of ceramic tiles produced by dry powder. The experimental results were evaluated by the drying strength of the ceramic body, the fracture modulus, the failure strength and the water absorption of the sintered product. According to the range analysis of the orthogonal experiment results, the primary and secondary order of the factors affecting the properties of the ceramic billet was arranged, and the significance level of the factors was determined by the analysis of variance. The results showed that clay content was the most significant factor among the three factors: clay content, moisture content of granulated and dried particles and press pressure, which had the greatest influence on the properties of ceramic tiles. The effects of different crystalline clay on the properties of particles and ceramic billets produced by dry powder technology are different. Clay with high plasticity has high drying strength of ceramic brick. The experimental results show that the particle fluidity is poor and the particle gradation is not up to the ideal requirement when the powder of various raw materials is pulverized by dry method at the same fineness and then the billet is prepared by mixing. By single ball milling of clay raw materials, the clay can be fully pulverized under the action of water and grinding force at the same time, and dry powder can be prepared by adding clay slurry instead of water, which can improve the particle fluidity and particle gradation of dry powder. It is found that if the particle size of the pulverized clay particles is equal to that of other raw materials, the clay particles may become the "center" of adhesion to other barren materials, and the surface of the particles will be dominated by barren materials after granulation. If the particle size of the crushed clay is much smaller than that of other raw materials, the clay with a large surface may be able to "wrap" other raw material particles, and various barren materials can be bonded through the "encased" clay, The outer surface of granulated particles is mainly clay. Finally, when the drying strength of the ceramic billet is 1.35 MPA and the water absorption ratio of the finished product is 2.85, the fracture modulus and the failure strength are up to 31.74MPa and 922.9Nrespectively. The effects of different contents and different components of clay on the comprehensive properties of ceramic billets were also compared. The billets and products containing more than 20% C10-1 clay obtained by dry powder met the production standards. In the end, the dry powder technology and spray drying technology are compared from the production process and the standard energy consumption. The dry powder process not only occupies a small area, but also saves energy by using the test method in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ174.76

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本文編號(hào)：2354989