【摘要】：針對所需理論塔板數(shù)較多的精密精餾,本文提出了多儲罐間歇精餾液相串聯(lián)操作(CMVBD)。該操作具有如下特點:(1)系統(tǒng)由多個多儲罐間歇精餾塔組成;(2)各塔獨立進行全回流操作,僅通過各儲罐內(nèi)持液的液相交換實現(xiàn)串聯(lián)操作;(3)系統(tǒng)的總壓降僅為單塔壓降;(4)能夠有效減弱返混現(xiàn)象對分離過程的不利影響。為了克服CMVBD系統(tǒng)能耗高的缺點,進一步設計了基于蒸汽再壓縮的多儲罐間歇精餾液相串聯(lián)操作(VRCMVBD)。而且采用模擬和實驗方法對CMVBD和VRCMVBD進行了深入研究。在多儲罐間歇精餾全回流操作(MVBD)基礎上結(jié)合液相串聯(lián)操作,構(gòu)建了CMVBD。首先對MVBD進行了模擬和實驗研究,結(jié)果表明其具有高效省時的優(yōu)點,適合分離相對揮發(fā)度較小或輕組分含量較低的難分離二元混合物。進而研究了CMVBD,對其操作過程進行了數(shù)值模擬,結(jié)果表明CMVBD系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)難分離物系的高效分離;設計了CMVBD的實驗系統(tǒng),采用相對揮發(fā)度較小的乙醇-異丙醇二元物系進行分離實驗,實驗結(jié)果和模擬數(shù)據(jù)的變化規(guī)律一致,證明其數(shù)值模擬準確可靠,并且說明CMVBD具有良好的可行性和可操作性。為了降低CMVBD系統(tǒng)操作能耗,首先對其基本操作單元——MVBD的能量集成方案進行研究,提出了基于蒸汽再壓縮的多儲罐間歇精餾全回流操作(VRMVBD)和帶有內(nèi)部熱集成的多儲罐間歇精餾全回流操作(IHIMVBD)及其強化形式(Int-IHIMVBD)。通過模擬分離乙醇-正丙醇的實例表明,VRMVBD不僅能顯著降低操作能耗并提高經(jīng)濟效益,而且結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,易于設計實施。根據(jù)以上研究結(jié)果,將蒸汽再壓縮技術應用于CMVBD系統(tǒng),設計了基于蒸汽再壓縮的多儲罐間歇精餾液相串聯(lián)操作(VRCMVBD)。該操作利用壓縮機將塔頂蒸汽壓縮到較高的壓力,使其在塔釜再沸器處冷凝,釋放出的潛熱供給塔釜料液再沸,從而實現(xiàn)塔頂?shù)蜏匚粺崃康脑倮�。根�?jù)壓縮機的運轉(zhuǎn)方式,VRCMVBD可分為定速VRCMVBD和變速VRCMVBD。通過模擬分離乙醇-異丙醇的實例表明,VRCMVBD能夠完成精密精餾分離任務并且大幅降低操作能耗和分離成本,而且變速VRCMVBD比定速VRCMVBD更具優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of precision distillation with more theoretical trays, the liquid phase series operation (CMVBD). For batch distillation of multiple storage tanks is presented in this paper. The operation has the following characteristics: (1) the system is composed of a plurality of batch distillation columns for multiple storage tanks; (2) each column carries out the operation of total reflux independently. The series operation is realized only by liquid exchange of liquid holdup in each tank; (3) the total pressure drop of the system is only single tower pressure drop; (4) the adverse effect of backmixing on the separation process can be effectively reduced. In order to overcome the shortcoming of high energy consumption in CMVBD system, a series operation (VRCMVBD). For batch distillation of multi-tank was designed based on steam recompression. CMVBD and VRCMVBD are studied by simulation and experiment. On the basis of batch distillation total reflux operation (MVBD) in multi-tank, combined with liquid-phase series operation, CMVBD. was constructed. The simulation and experimental results of MVBD show that it has the advantages of high efficiency and time saving and is suitable for the separation of binary mixtures with low relative volatility or low light component content. Furthermore, the numerical simulation of the operation process by CMVBD, is studied. The results show that the CMVBD system can achieve the efficient separation of the difficult separation system, and the experimental system of CMVBD is designed. The separation experiment was carried out by using ethanol-isopropanol binary system with low relative volatilization. The experimental results were consistent with the simulation data, which proved that the numerical simulation was accurate and reliable, and that CMVBD had good feasibility and maneuverability. In order to reduce the operation energy consumption of CMVBD system, the energy integration scheme of MVBD, its basic operating unit, is studied firstly. In this paper, (VRMVBD) for batch distillation of multi-tank and (IHIMVBD) with internal heat integration for batch distillation of multi-storage tank and its enhanced form (Int-IHIMVBD) are proposed. An example of simulated separation of ethanol-n-propanol shows that VRMVBD not only can significantly reduce the energy consumption and increase the economic benefit, but also has a simple structure and is easy to design and implement. Based on the above results, the steam recompression technology was applied to CMVBD system, and a series operation (VRCMVBD). Was designed for batch distillation liquid-phase operation in multi-tank based on steam recompression. In this operation, the top steam is compressed to a higher pressure by the compressor, which is condensed at the reboiler of the tower, and the latent heat is released to the reboiling of the feedstock of the tower, so as to realize the reutilization of the heat at low temperature at the top of the tower. According to the operation mode of compressor, VRCMVBD can be divided into fixed speed VRCMVBD and variable speed VRCMVBD.. An example of ethanol / isopropanol separation shows that VRCMVBD can accomplish the precision distillation separation task and greatly reduce the operating energy consumption and separation cost. Moreover, the variable speed VRCMVBD is superior to the constant speed VRCMVBD.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ028.31

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