飲用水用竹炭的制備及工藝研究
[Abstract]:Bamboo charcoal is the product of bamboo pyrolysis under anaerobic or anoxic conditions at high temperature. Bamboo charcoal industry has taken shape in China and developed many products. However, in the field of bamboo charcoal for drinking water, the market research lags behind. The heavy metal content, mineral content of bamboo charcoal itself, the application of drinking water and its mechanism of action are rarely reported. In this paper, bamboo charcoal from different site conditions, locations and bamboo ages was prepared by orthogonal product method of L9(34)*L4(23) in a mechanical carbonization furnace under the carbonization conditions of 650 C/750 C and reaction time of 3 h/5 H. The physical and chemical properties of ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, density, specific surface area and dissolved pH value and the content of trace elements were tested and analyzed respectively according to the relevant national standards by ICP-AES, ICP-AES and other instruments. Several groups of bamboo charcoal with metal content were tested in drinking water, including the ratio of boiled charcoal to water, boiling time, cycle times, water quality, boiling water immersion and room temperature impregnation, and the optimum process for bamboo charcoal drinking water was obtained. The changes of functional groups, microstructure and crystal structure of bamboo charcoal before and after boiling were characterized and analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction. The application mechanism of bamboo charcoal in drinking water was preliminarily explored. Water is mainly affected by the solubility of major elements and the amount of dissolved tar, but the content of heavy metals in bamboo charcoal has little effect, and the heavy metals in bamboo charcoal can hardly dissolve into water. (1) Under the experimental conditions, the carbonization process and raw material conditions and their interaction have different degrees of influence on ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon of bamboo charcoal, and the wool without operation. The density of bamboo charcoal was between 0.367 and 0.705 g.cm-3, which was mainly related to the selection of bamboo parts. The specific surface area of bamboo slices is larger at 750 C/3 H. The pH value of bamboo charcoal is between 7.02 and 9.57, which is alkaline and suitable for drinking water. (2) The contents of As, Pb, Cd, K, Ca, Na, Mg, P and S in Phyllostachys pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescens var. pubescen The content of As, Pb, Cd and the total content of major elements of Phyllostachys pubescens decreased to a certain extent after carbonization, and the interaction between carbonization process and raw material conditions and their interactions. The content of As, Pb and Cd in the base of the bamboo is higher than that in the base of the bamboo. 3. Bamboo charcoal is used for tap water boiling, brewing or impregnating, continuous boiling or circulating boiling, for ultra-pure water, mineral water and tap water boiling, and for drinking water. The contents of major elements in tap water and tar increased significantly after bamboo charcoal boiling water or boiling water was brewed. The optimum ratio of charcoal boiling water to boiling water was 1:75. The bamboo charcoal should be immersed in drinking water at room temperature for 3 hours before drinking; the boiling time should not exceed 30 minutes as far as possible. Elements and a small amount of tar, thereby increasing the color and turbidity of water quality, but little impact, to meet the sanitary standards of drinking water GB 5749-2006; at the same time, bamboo charcoal boiled water can adsorb residual chlorine in tap water. (4) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of bamboo charcoal boiled water before and after functional groups showed that there may be alcohols or phenols in the association of - OH, it in the water. Under acidic condition, the acidic functional group positive ions such as - OH2 + were formed by interaction with H + in the solution to form biochemical adsorption; boiling water had little effect on the chemical structure of bamboo charcoal. Many cracks were found in the pores of bamboo charcoal before and after boiling. These cracks may be the mesopores and micropores in the pore structure of bamboo charcoal and play a major role in physical adsorption. The physical and chemical properties of bamboo charcoal and the content of trace elements and the application test of drinking water were analyzed comprehensively. Quality water and tap water can be boiled water, boiling water and soaking at room temperature. The ratio of charcoal to water is 1:75, boiling time of boiling water is not more than 30 minutes, boiling water is recycled more than 4 times, and drinking before soaking at room temperature for 3 hours is preferred.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:TQ127.11
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