PT基弛豫鐵電體結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-08-05 18:20
【摘要】:本論文從鈦酸鉛(PT)基弛豫鐵電體的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的關(guān)系出發(fā),研究了鈮鎂酸鉛-鈦酸鉛(PMN-PT)和鈮鈧酸鉛-鈮鎂酸鉛-鈦酸鉛(PSN-PMN-PT)弛豫鐵電體的微觀組織形貌以及介電、壓電和鐵電性能。采用改進的兩步前軀體合成法制備一系列不同組分配比的PSN-PMN-PT三元鐵電陶瓷,研究了燒結(jié)溫度和PSN含量對陶瓷微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、致密性和電學(xué)性能的影響。隨著燒結(jié)溫度升高,陶瓷的相結(jié)構(gòu)保持不變,始終為三方-四方兩相共存的鈣鈦礦結(jié)構(gòu)。晶粒尺寸不斷增大,致密度先增大后減小,當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為1140℃,致密度達到最大(為理論密度的98.26%)。掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)顯示,當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為1140℃時,氣孔率最小且晶粒尺寸均勻,微結(jié)構(gòu)致密。綜上,最佳燒結(jié)溫度為1140℃。PSN固溶量的增加幾乎不影響PSN-PMN-PT陶瓷的相結(jié)構(gòu)和晶粒尺寸,所有陶瓷仍為三方-四方相共存的鈣鈦礦結(jié)構(gòu)。隨著PSN含量從5%增加45%,陶瓷的居里溫度Tc明顯提高,從154.9℃增加到235.6℃;但介電、壓電及鐵電性能降低。在眾多組分中,25PSN-38PMN-37PT組分表現(xiàn)出良好的綜合性能:壓電常數(shù)d33~478 pC/N、機電耦合系數(shù)kp~65.1%、最大介電常數(shù)εm~8338、介電損耗tan δ-0.03、剩余極化強度Pr~19.2μc/cm2、矯頑場Ec~9.5kV/cm.居里溫度Tc~192.2℃。PMN-PT鐵電單晶電疇觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),極化樣品中出現(xiàn)許多不同取向的小疇帶,且疇帶尺寸不同。不同取向小疇帶的形成很好的解釋了PMN-PT鐵電單晶高的壓電常數(shù)d33~1500pC/N以及壓電常數(shù)的不均勻性。然而,未極化的樣品除了部分小區(qū)域存在小疇帶外,大部分區(qū)域看不見疇帶。隨著溫度的升高,在三四方相變點附近Trt~89℃,未極化樣品中迅速出現(xiàn)沿特定方向生長的條帶狀電疇。降溫過程中,相變點附近形成不同取向的小疇,這可能歸因于鐵電疇內(nèi)部極性微區(qū)的相互作用。極性微區(qū)的存在解釋了PMN-PT鐵電體的弛豫特性。相比于PMN-PT單晶,三元PSN-PMN-PT鐵電單晶表現(xiàn)出更加優(yōu)異的性能:居里溫度Tc~170℃,室溫介電常數(shù)εrt高達4714,剩余極化強度Pr~37.11μC/cm2,同時表現(xiàn)出了較大的矯頑場Ec~4.74kV/cm。電疇觀察分析表明,隨著溫度升高,不規(guī)則波浪型電疇逐漸演變?yōu)槠街睏l帶狀直到消光變黑。鐵電-順電的相變發(fā)生在一個較寬的溫度范圍(160~180℃),暗示了相變的弛豫特性,這與介電溫譜相一致。
[Abstract]:Based on the relationship between structure and properties of (PT) based relaxor ferroelectrics, the microstructure and dielectric properties of lead magnesium niobate lead titanate (PMN-PT) and lead scandium niobate lead magnesium niobate lead titanate (PSN-PMN-PT) relaxor ferroelectrics were studied in this paper. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. A series of PSN-PMN-PT ternary ferroelectric ceramics with different distribution ratios were prepared by a modified two-step precursor synthesis method. The effects of sintering temperature and PSN content on the microstructure, densification and electrical properties of the ceramics were studied. With the increase of sintering temperature, the phase structure of the ceramics remains unchanged, and it is always a perovskite structure in which the tetragonal and the rhombohedral phases coexist. With the increasing of grain size, the density increases first and then decreases. When the sintering temperature is 1140 鈩,
本文編號:2166606
[Abstract]:Based on the relationship between structure and properties of (PT) based relaxor ferroelectrics, the microstructure and dielectric properties of lead magnesium niobate lead titanate (PMN-PT) and lead scandium niobate lead magnesium niobate lead titanate (PSN-PMN-PT) relaxor ferroelectrics were studied in this paper. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. A series of PSN-PMN-PT ternary ferroelectric ceramics with different distribution ratios were prepared by a modified two-step precursor synthesis method. The effects of sintering temperature and PSN content on the microstructure, densification and electrical properties of the ceramics were studied. With the increase of sintering temperature, the phase structure of the ceramics remains unchanged, and it is always a perovskite structure in which the tetragonal and the rhombohedral phases coexist. With the increasing of grain size, the density increases first and then decreases. When the sintering temperature is 1140 鈩,
本文編號:2166606
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