【摘要】：本文以解決現(xiàn)今熔鋁爐熔池用澆注料存在的一些難以克服的如對鋁液的抗?jié)B透性差、對鋁熔體耐侵蝕性不良的實際問題為目的,以制備具有良好的抗鋁熔體滲透侵蝕性的澆注料為研究對象,以高鋁礬土為主要原料,探討了現(xiàn)今熔鋁爐澆注料常用的兩種臨界粒徑下,顆粒級配對澆注料物理性能、強度性能以及抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能的影響,得出最佳顆粒級配。在最佳顆粒級配下,利用正交試驗探討了硅灰、MA尖晶石、硫酸鋇和水泥四種輔助材料細粉對澆注料的物理指標(biāo)、強度指標(biāo)及抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能指標(biāo)的影響,并在正交試驗的基礎(chǔ)上探討了高鋁細粉種類對澆注料抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能影響,確定了輔助材料細粉的最佳摻量和物料的最佳配比。借助XRD、SEM等手段分析了所制備的澆注料試樣基質(zhì)的礦物組成和顯微結(jié)構(gòu)。最后與目前已使用的澆注料的抗侵蝕性能進行了對比。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)澆注料如果用臨界粒徑DL=8mm和DL=5mm進行配料,其最佳顆粒級配系數(shù)分別為q=0.28和q=0.37,在此顆粒級配下所測試的各項性能尤其抗侵蝕性能優(yōu)于其他級配下的試樣,并且兩者性能相近。(2)澆注料基質(zhì)組成在一定程度上影響著其物理性能、強度性能和抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能。從物相組成上來看,當(dāng)基質(zhì)中有CA2存在時對澆注料的抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能不利,而基質(zhì)中有鋇長石及MA尖晶石相存在時可提高澆注料的抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能。(3)當(dāng)基質(zhì)中使用不同種類高鋁細粉時,并不改變正交試驗得到的輔助材料細粉對澆注料抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能的作用規(guī)律和作用結(jié)果。相比之下,當(dāng)高鋁細粉為88鋁礬土細粉時,澆注料抗鋁熔體潤濕、滲透、侵蝕性能最好。(4)通過試驗發(fā)現(xiàn):當(dāng)澆注料顆粒級配為DL=8mm,q=0.28,骨料為80或88鋁礬土,細粉為88鋁礬土,其他粉料添加量為ɑ-Al2O35wt%,硅灰3wt%,MA尖晶石3wt%,硫酸鋇4wt%,水泥4wt%的試樣具有優(yōu)異的抗鋁熔體侵蝕性能。當(dāng)骨料為80鋁礬土?xí)r,由于骨料中莫來石相含量較高,莫來石和冰晶石發(fā)生反應(yīng),可在骨料表面與基質(zhì)物質(zhì)間隙生成霞石阻擋層,因此其抗冰晶石侵蝕性能要優(yōu)于骨料為88鋁礬土的澆注料。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to solve the practical problems such as poor permeability of molten aluminum and poor corrosion resistance of molten aluminum. Taking the preparation of castable with good resistance to infiltration erosion of aluminum melt as the research object and high bauxite as the main raw material, the physical properties of the two kinds of critical particle sizes of the castables commonly used in aluminum melting furnace are discussed in this paper. The optimum particle gradation was obtained by the influence of strength and corrosion resistance of aluminum melt. Under the optimum particle gradation, the effects of silica fume MA spinel, barium sulfate and cement fine powder on the physical index, strength index and corrosion resistance index of aluminum melt were studied by orthogonal test. On the basis of orthogonal test, the influence of high alumina fine powder on the corrosion resistance of castable to aluminum melt was discussed, and the optimum amount of fine powder of auxiliary material and the optimum proportion of material were determined. The mineral composition and microstructure of the matrix of the castable sample were analyzed by means of XRDX SEM. Finally, the corrosion resistance of castable is compared with that of castable. The results show that: (1) the optimum particle gradation coefficients of castable with critical particle size (DLN 8mm) and DLN (5mm) are q0. 28 and q0. 37, respectively. The properties tested under this particle gradation are superior to those of other gradation. And the two properties are similar. (2) the composition of castable matrix affects the physical properties, strength properties and corrosion resistance of aluminum melt to some extent. In terms of phase composition, when there is CA2 in the matrix, it is unfavorable to the corrosion resistance of castable to aluminum melt. However, the presence of barium feldspar and MA spinel in the matrix can improve the corrosion resistance of castable to aluminum melt. (3) when different kinds of high alumina fine powder are used in the matrix, The effect of fine powder on the corrosion resistance of castable to aluminum melt was not changed by orthogonal test. In contrast, when the high alumina fine powder is 88 bauxite fine powder, the castable has the best wetting, permeating and eroding performance against aluminum melt. (4) it is found that when the grain gradation of the castable is DL8 mm / Q 0.28, the aggregate is 80 or 88 bauxite, the fine powder is 88 bauxite, The other samples with addition amount of -Al _ 2O _ 5 for 35wt, silica fume for 3 wts and MA spinel for 3wtt, barium sulfate for 4wt and cement for 4wt% have excellent corrosion resistance to aluminum melt. When the aggregate is 80 bauxite, because of the high content of mullite in aggregate, mullite and cryolite react and form a nepheline barrier layer between the aggregate surface and matrix material. Therefore, its corrosion resistance of cryolite is better than that of 88 bauxite castable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TF821;TQ175.732

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