蛋白質(zhì)型水泥發(fā)泡劑的制備及其應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 20:15
【摘要】：我國(guó)是世界上第一制革大國(guó),每年產(chǎn)生大量的制革廢棄物,特別是含鉻革屑,如不對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理,將造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。本文利用含鉻革屑為原料,將其水解脫鉻后與其它表面活性劑和助劑進(jìn)行復(fù)配,得到三種蛋白質(zhì)型發(fā)泡劑,測(cè)試了這三種發(fā)泡劑的發(fā)泡和穩(wěn)泡性能,并將其應(yīng)用在水泥中制得泡沫混凝土,符合建材行業(yè)的使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。具體細(xì)節(jié)如下:首先,對(duì)制革廢棄物進(jìn)行理化性能分析;利用氧化鈣對(duì)含鉻革屑進(jìn)行水解,以初始起泡高度和半衰期為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),通過(guò)水平及正交實(shí)驗(yàn)確定最佳水解條件為:水解時(shí)間10h、固液比1:8、CaO用量10%、水解溫度為80℃,初始起泡高度為64 mm,半衰期為12 min,泡沫性能優(yōu)良,通過(guò)烏氏粘度法測(cè)得蛋白質(zhì)水解液分子量為132 kDa。其次,通過(guò)起泡性能復(fù)配,以初始起泡高度為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),確定發(fā)泡劑的起泡助劑為6%AES(十二烷基醇醚硫酸鈉)和6%SDS(十二烷基硫酸鈉),其初始起泡高度最大為192mm。通過(guò)穩(wěn)泡性能復(fù)配,以半衰期為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),確定發(fā)泡劑的三種配方,ZW-1為:6%AES、6%SDS、4%HEC(羥乙基纖維素)的水解液,其初始起泡高度為164 mm,半衰期為108.12 min;ZW-2為:6%AES、6%SDS、8%CMC(羧甲基纖維素)的水解液,其初始起泡高度為208 mm,半衰期為48.50 min;ZW-3為:6%AES、6%SDS、6%HPMC(羥丙基甲基纖維素)的水解液,其初始起泡高度為212 mm,半衰期為54.53 min;根據(jù)建材行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《JC/T2199-2013泡沫混凝土用泡沫劑》對(duì)三種自制發(fā)泡劑和市售發(fā)泡劑LH進(jìn)行性能測(cè)定,自制水泥發(fā)泡劑各項(xiàng)性能均達(dá)到或優(yōu)于行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),ZW-1和ZW-3為一等品、ZW-2和LH為合格品。最后,將自制的蛋白質(zhì)型發(fā)泡劑運(yùn)用到水泥中,制備兩類泡沫混凝土。第一類泡沫混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)為A7.5,密度等級(jí)為B10,配方為HSN引氣減水劑15 g、膨潤(rùn)土10 g、ZW-1發(fā)泡劑100 mL、水用量300 mL;第二類泡沫混凝土密度等級(jí)為B06,強(qiáng)度等級(jí)為A1.0,配方為HSN引氣減水劑10 g、膨潤(rùn)土30 g、ZW-1發(fā)泡劑150 mL、水用量300 mL。將水解殘?jiān)砑拥交炷翝{料中,可以起到減水劑的作用,增大漿料的和易性,降低產(chǎn)品的絕干密度,制備更加優(yōu)良的泡沫混凝土建材,密度等級(jí)最低為A07,吸水率等級(jí)最低為W40,抗壓強(qiáng)度等級(jí)最高為C7.5。
[Abstract]:China is the first country in the world, which produces a large number of leather wastes, especially chrome shavings, which will cause serious environmental pollution if it is not treated. In this paper, three kinds of protein-type foaming agents were obtained by using chromium-containing leather shavings as raw materials, after removing chromium in water and mixed with other surfactants and auxiliaries. The foaming and foaming properties of these three foaming agents were tested. And it is used in cement to make foam concrete, which accords with the use standard of building materials industry. The details are as follows: firstly, the physicochemical properties of tannery waste are analyzed; the chromium-containing leather residue is hydrolyzed by calcium oxide, and the initial foaming height and half-life are taken as the evaluation index. The optimum hydrolysis conditions were determined by horizontal and orthogonal experiments: hydrolysis time 10 h, solid / liquid ratio 1: 8 Cao dosage 10, hydrolysis temperature 80 鈩，
本文編號(hào)：2130816
[Abstract]:China is the first country in the world, which produces a large number of leather wastes, especially chrome shavings, which will cause serious environmental pollution if it is not treated. In this paper, three kinds of protein-type foaming agents were obtained by using chromium-containing leather shavings as raw materials, after removing chromium in water and mixed with other surfactants and auxiliaries. The foaming and foaming properties of these three foaming agents were tested. And it is used in cement to make foam concrete, which accords with the use standard of building materials industry. The details are as follows: firstly, the physicochemical properties of tannery waste are analyzed; the chromium-containing leather residue is hydrolyzed by calcium oxide, and the initial foaming height and half-life are taken as the evaluation index. The optimum hydrolysis conditions were determined by horizontal and orthogonal experiments: hydrolysis time 10 h, solid / liquid ratio 1: 8 Cao dosage 10, hydrolysis temperature 80 鈩，
本文編號(hào)：2130816
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