本文選題：玉米秸稈 + 纖維素降解　； 參考：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,我國的大部分農(nóng)作物秸稈未被合理開發(fā)利用,造成了資源的浪費(fèi)與環(huán)境污染。而豐富的纖維素資源可通過直接或者間接的途徑來生產(chǎn)氫氣。因此在我國研究開發(fā)農(nóng)作物秸稈纖維素轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)將其用于制氫具有很大的優(yōu)勢,對于解決能源短缺和保護(hù)環(huán)境有著重要意義。但是受限于纖維素降解成本高,產(chǎn)氫效率低的因素,光合制氫的探索道路仍然很漫長。產(chǎn)黃纖維單胞菌能夠產(chǎn)生纖維素酶降解農(nóng)作物秸稈,產(chǎn)生的還原糖和小分子酸可以用于光合細(xì)菌制氫。本文研究了首先使用稀硫酸預(yù)處理玉米秸稈,然后調(diào)節(jié)pH值,加入已經(jīng)培養(yǎng)好的產(chǎn)黃纖維單胞菌菌液,利用其產(chǎn)生的纖維素酶繼續(xù)降解玉米秸稈,光合細(xì)菌利用降解液進(jìn)行光合產(chǎn)氫的實(shí)驗(yàn)。對今后的秸稈的預(yù)處理技術(shù)以及光合產(chǎn)氫技術(shù)進(jìn)一步的研究有重要的參考價值。研究的結(jié)論總結(jié)如下:(1)首先,通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),對酸處理階段的工藝條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。得出結(jié)論:還原糖含量隨著硫酸的濃度增加,處理時間延長,溫度升高而增加。當(dāng)固液比為1:10,硫酸的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為8%,預(yù)處理時間為60min,溫度為121℃時,還原糖含量累積最多,最多為888.29mg。(2)生物預(yù)處理階段所選的纖維素降解細(xì)菌為產(chǎn)黃纖維單胞菌,屬于纖維單胞菌屬,在蛋白胨-牛肉膏瓊脂上的菌落通常凸起,淡黃色,屬于化能異養(yǎng)型細(xì)菌,可以進(jìn)行發(fā)酵代謝,能夠產(chǎn)生多種纖維素酶。實(shí)驗(yàn)測得玉米秸稈在發(fā)酵60h,產(chǎn)酶活性最強(qiáng)。(3)對產(chǎn)黃纖維單胞菌降解玉米秸稈纖維素的工藝條件固液比、pH值和溫度進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。得出了以下結(jié)論,玉米秸稈與菌液的固液比(質(zhì)量與體積的比值g/L)為15%,p H為6時,溫度為25℃,還原糖含量最高,還原糖濃度為3.26g/L。(4)通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),對玉米秸稈進(jìn)行化學(xué)-生物協(xié)同預(yù)處理的工藝條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,得出結(jié)論:當(dāng)玉米秸稈先進(jìn)行硫酸處理之后,再進(jìn)行生物預(yù)處理。玉米秸稈協(xié)同預(yù)處理的時間縮減為12天,還原糖含量大幅度增加。(5)通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),對玉米秸稈的協(xié)同預(yù)處理工藝條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,得出結(jié)論:最佳的工藝條件為化學(xué)預(yù)處理階段中硫酸濃度為8%,處理時間為150min,溫度為121℃,生物預(yù)處理初始pH值為5,產(chǎn)黃纖維單胞菌菌液量為30ml。還原糖濃度最高,最高為1520mg,產(chǎn)氫量最多為640ml。
[Abstract]:At present, most crop stalks in China have not been developed and utilized reasonably, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution. The abundant cellulose resources can produce hydrogen directly or indirectly. Therefore, the research and development of crop straw cellulose conversion technology for hydrogen production has great advantages in China, which is of great significance to solve the energy shortage and protect the environment. However, due to the high cost of cellulose degradation and low hydrogen production efficiency, the exploration of photo-hydrogen production is still a long way. Xanthomonas xanthomonas can produce cellulase to degrade crop straw and produce reducing sugar and small molecular acid which can be used to produce hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria. In this paper, corn straw was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid first, then adjusted pH value, and then added to the culture of Xanthomonas aeruginosa, and the cellulase produced by it was used to degrade corn straw. The experiment of hydrogen production by photosynthetic bacteria using degradation solution was carried out. It has important reference value for the further research on the pretreatment technology of straw and the hydrogen production technology of photosynthesis in the future. The conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) at first, the process conditions of acid treatment stage were optimized by single factor experimental design. Conclusion: the content of reducing sugar increases with the increase of sulfuric acid concentration, treatment time and temperature. When the ratio of solid to liquid is 1: 10, the mass fraction of sulfuric acid is 8, the pretreatment time is 60 min, and the temperature is 121 鈩，

本文編號：2103537