本文選題：聚砜 + 聚乙二醇��； 參考：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以聚砜(PSF)為原材料,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)為溶劑,不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG)、吐溫80(Tween80)、磺化聚砜(SPSF)為添加劑,通過浸沒沉淀相轉(zhuǎn)化法制備了PSF平板膜和PSF中空纖維膜。研究了PSF含量、PEG分子量及含量對PSF平板膜和PSF中空纖維膜結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響;考察了不同種類的親水性添加劑Tween 80和SPSF對PSF中空纖維膜的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響;同時還探討了制膜工藝如空氣間隙、凝固浴溫度及組成以及芯液組成等對PSF中空纖維膜結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響。用自制的膜通量測試裝置測定了PSF中空纖維膜的純水通量和截留率,用掃描電境觀察了膜的斷面結(jié)構(gòu)和表面形態(tài),采用重量法和濾速法測定了PSF中空纖維膜的孔隙率和平均孔徑,得到本研究范圍內(nèi)最優(yōu)制膜工藝。研究結(jié)果表明,隨著PEG分子量和含量以及PSF含量增加,鑄膜液粘度增加,抑制了大孔結(jié)構(gòu)的生成,相應(yīng)的膜斷面結(jié)構(gòu)中指狀孔的數(shù)量減少,海綿孔的區(qū)域增加。當(dāng)鑄膜液粘度高于8.25Pa·s時,制得的PSF膜斷面結(jié)構(gòu)基本為海綿狀孔。相同實(shí)驗條件下,PEG分子量增加,PSF中空纖維膜的平均孔徑和孔隙率略有降低,純水通量降低,截留率變化幅度不大,同時膜的拉伸強(qiáng)度降低;隨PEG含量增加,PSF膜的純水通量先降低后增加,BSA截留率表現(xiàn)出相反的趨勢。當(dāng)PEG/DMAc=0.8時,膜結(jié)構(gòu)主要以海綿狀孔為主,膜純水通量最低,但BSA截留率高于90%;PSF含量增加,膜中大孔結(jié)構(gòu)被抑制,膜的純水通量隨PSF含量增加而降低,BSA截留率則相反,當(dāng)PSF含量達(dá)到20%時,膜斷面結(jié)構(gòu)主要以海綿狀孔為主,但當(dāng)PSF含量繼續(xù)增加時,膜的純水通量反而升高,BSA截留率卻大幅降低。PSF含量為20%時,PSF中空纖維膜綜合性能最佳。PSF中空纖維膜的純水通量隨空氣間隙(即預(yù)蒸發(fā)時間)增大和凝固浴溫度升高而呈上升趨勢,BSA截留率則相應(yīng)降低。為進(jìn)一步提高PSF中空纖維膜的純水通量,在膜中添加了親水的Tween80和SPSF。研究結(jié)果顯示,將Tween 80加入鑄膜液中,PSF膜的表面接觸角有所降低,親水性有所增加,純水通量隨Tween 80的增加呈先增大后減小的趨勢,截留率則呈相反的趨勢。Tween 80對PSF中空纖維膜親水性雖有一定的改善作用,但改善的程度有限,實(shí)際意義不大。SPSF使得PSF表面接觸角的降低程度較高,膜的親水性顯著增加,純水通量大幅度提高。但由于存在PSF和SPSF的相容性問題,當(dāng)SPSF的含量較高時,膜的截留率降低幅度增大。綜合考慮PSF中空纖維膜的純水通量和截留率問題,SPSF含量最佳為1.5%。無論是在凝固浴還是在芯液中添加溶劑DMAc,均使得PSF中空纖維膜的平均孔徑增大,孔隙率增多,外表面開孔增多,內(nèi)表面孔徑增大,因而PSF中空纖維膜的純水通量隨凝固浴或芯液中的DMAc含量增加而升高,BSA截留率則相應(yīng)降低。
[Abstract]:In this paper, PSF flat membrane and PSF hollow fiber membrane were prepared by immersion precipitation phase transformation method with polysulfone (PSF) as raw material, N- N- dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) as solvent, polyethylene glycol (PEG) with different molecular weight, Tween80 (Tween80) and sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) as additives. The effects of PSF content and PEG molecular weight and content on the structure and properties of PSF flat membrane and PSF hollow fiber membrane were studied, and the effects of different hydrophilic additives Tween80 and SPSF on the structure and properties of PSF hollow fiber membrane were investigated. At the same time, the effects of membrane preparation technology such as air gap, coagulation bath temperature and composition and core liquid composition on the structure and properties of PSF hollow fiber membrane were also discussed. The pure water flux and rejection rate of PSF hollow fiber membrane were measured by a self-made membrane flux test device. The cross section structure and surface morphology of PSF hollow fiber membrane were observed by scanning electroporation. The porosity and average pore size of PSF hollow fiber membrane were measured by gravimetric method and filtration rate method. The results show that with the increase of PEG molecular weight and content of PSF, the viscosity of casting solution increases, which inhibits the formation of macroporous structure, decreases the number of finger pores and increases the area of sponge pore in the corresponding membrane cross-section structure. When the viscosity of casting solution is higher than 8.25Pa / s, the section structure of PSF film is basically sponge pore. Under the same experimental conditions, the average pore size and porosity of PSF hollow fiber membrane increased with the increase of PEG molecular weight, the mean pore size and porosity of PSF hollow fiber membrane decreased slightly, the pure water flux decreased, the retention rate changed little, and the tensile strength of the membrane decreased. With the increase of PEG content, the pure water flux of PSF membrane first decreased and then increased the retention rate of BSA showed the opposite trend. When PEG / DMAcO was 0.8, the membrane structure was mainly spongy pore, the membrane pure water flux was the lowest, but the BSA rejection rate was higher than 90% PSF content, and the macropore structure was inhibited. The membrane pure water flux decreased with the increase of PSF content, but the BSA retention rate decreased with the increase of PSF content. When the content of PSF reached 20, the membrane cross-section was mainly composed of spongy pores, but when the content of PSF continued to increase, On the contrary, the pure water flux of the membrane increased, but the rejection rate of BSA decreased significantly. When the content of PSF was 20, the PSF hollow fiber membrane had the best comprehensive performance. The pure water flux of the membrane increased with the air gap (I. e., the pre-evaporation time) and the coagulation bath temperature increased. The rejection rate of BSA decreased with the increase of BSA. In order to further improve the pure water flux of PSF hollow fiber membrane, hydrophilic Tween80 and SPSF were added to the membrane. The results showed that the surface contact angle and hydrophilicity of PSF membrane were decreased, and the pure water flux increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of Tween80. Tween80 can improve the hydrophilicity of PSF hollow fiber membrane, but the degree of improvement is limited, the actual meaning is not significant. SPSF makes the surface contact angle of PSF decrease higher, and the hydrophilicity of membrane increases significantly. The pure water flux has been greatly increased. However, due to the compatibility of PSF and SPSF, when the content of SPSF is high, the decrease of membrane retention increases. Considering the pure water flux and rejection rate of PSF hollow fiber membrane, the best SPSF content is 1.5 kW. Both in coagulation bath and in core solution, the average pore size and porosity of PSF hollow fiber membrane were increased, the opening and internal surface pore size of PSF hollow fiber membrane were increased, respectively. Therefore, the PSF hollow fiber membrane's pure water flux increases with the increase of DMAc content in coagulation bath or core solution, and the increase of BSA retention rate decreases accordingly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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本文編號：2087695