本文選題：木陶瓷 + 硅溶膠��； 參考：《五邑大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：材料的大量制造與消耗,導致了資源消耗與環(huán)境惡化的危機,因此,如何實現(xiàn)資源的最大化利用與環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展顯得非常重要。木陶瓷的出現(xiàn),在一定程度上緩和了這一矛盾,作為一種環(huán)境材料,它一方面充分利用了木質(zhì)廢棄物等生物質(zhì)材料,實現(xiàn)了廢棄物的最大化利用,節(jié)約了資源,另一方面,它又具有良好的機械強度,且具有吸附、阻尼等功能,是一種典型的結(jié)構(gòu)-功能能材料,因此,這種材料從制造過程到產(chǎn)品使用都表現(xiàn)出極大的優(yōu)勢。本文在已有木陶瓷的研究基礎上,通過對木陶瓷的低溫釉骨架、玻璃碳骨架進行預實驗及分析研究,最終將作為木材礦化加密、阻燃改性的硅溶膠用作制備木陶瓷的三維網(wǎng)絡骨架結(jié)構(gòu),打破了以往木陶瓷制備過程中利用熱固樹脂浸漬強化的思路。選用南方常見的橡木加工剩余物為原料,通過壓力成型、氮氣燒結(jié)工藝成功制備出具有硅溶膠三維網(wǎng)絡骨架的硅溶膠系木陶瓷復合材料。在此基礎上,又制備出了氧化鋁體系木陶瓷及聚乙烯醇(PVA)體系木陶瓷,對三種體系的木陶瓷,隨著燒結(jié)溫度的升高,殘?zhí)柯时憩F(xiàn)出相同的變化趨勢,在800℃之前降低,之后保持不變,而顯氣孔率、體積密度、抗壓強度都在800℃出現(xiàn)了“V”字型轉(zhuǎn)折。三種體系相比,氧化鋁體系木陶瓷表現(xiàn)出較好的抗壓強度,最大抗壓強度為11Mpa,出現(xiàn)在800℃。通過掃描電鏡對氧化鋁體系樣品進行微觀形貌觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著燒結(jié)溫度的升高,樣品內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)鏈珠狀晶須結(jié)構(gòu),又通過FT-IR、EDS能譜進一步分析,得知該鏈珠狀晶須結(jié)構(gòu)為硅溶膠與納米氧化鋁生成的莫來石結(jié)構(gòu),這些結(jié)構(gòu)的出現(xiàn)增加了材料的機械強度。相比之下,PVA體系木陶瓷由于PVA的添加,導致樣品抗壓強度較低,但孔隙率有所增加。通過對三種體系木陶瓷樣品進行X射線衍射(XRD)物相分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)樣品沒有出現(xiàn)較好的結(jié)晶,仍以無定型態(tài)為主。從微觀形貌圖看出,三種體系內(nèi)部都出現(xiàn)了微球,其中硅溶膠體系中尤為明顯,且微球尺寸處于納米級,這是由于無定型態(tài)二氧化硅向晶態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變的結(jié)果。通過重金屬離子吸附試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),樣品對重金屬離子具有一定的吸附性。
[Abstract]:The mass manufacture and consumption of materials lead to the crisis of resource consumption and environmental deterioration. Therefore, it is very important to realize the maximum utilization of resources and the sustainable development of environment. The appearance of woodceramics alleviates this contradiction to a certain extent. As an environmental material, on the one hand, it makes full use of biomass materials such as wood waste, realizes the maximum utilization of waste, saves resources, on the other hand, It also has good mechanical strength, adsorption, damping and other functions, it is a typical structure-functional energy material, so this material from the manufacturing process to the use of products have shown great advantages. In this paper, based on the existing woodceramics, the low temperature glaze skeleton and glass-carbon skeleton of woodceramics are pre-tested and analyzed, which will eventually be used as wood mineralization encryption. The flame-retardant modified silica sol is used as the three-dimensional network skeleton structure for the preparation of woodceramics, which breaks the idea of using thermosetting resin in the preparation of woodceramics. The silica sol-based wood-ceramic composites with the three-dimensional network skeleton of silica sol were successfully prepared by pressure molding and nitrogen sintering with the common oak processing residues in the south as raw materials. On this basis, the wood ceramics of alumina system and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) system were prepared. For the wood ceramics of the three systems, with the increase of sintering temperature, the carbon residue showed the same changing trend and decreased before 800 鈩，

本文編號：2035649