本文選題：分子蒸餾 + 系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程具有多變量、強(qiáng)耦合、大時(shí)滯的特點(diǎn),其自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的多個(gè)控制回路同時(shí)工作時(shí),所有回路間具有強(qiáng)烈的耦合特性,互相作用。這種耦合作用直接影響到分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程的控制品質(zhì)和穩(wěn)定性。本文通過(guò)建立被控對(duì)象的數(shù)學(xué)模型和設(shè)計(jì)解耦控制系統(tǒng)的方法以減小多個(gè)控制回路之間的相互作用,提高分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程的控制性能和穩(wěn)定性。為有效分析分子蒸餾系統(tǒng)中的蒸發(fā)環(huán)節(jié),本文提出了一種帶有延遲環(huán)節(jié)的多變量系統(tǒng)參數(shù)辨識(shí)方法。采取將多變量系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為多個(gè)單變量系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)問(wèn)題的思想,對(duì)辨識(shí)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,并給出了該思想的依據(jù)。依據(jù)階躍激勵(lì)信號(hào)下被辨識(shí)過(guò)程的響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)建立關(guān)系式組,并應(yīng)用辛普森(Simpson)積分公式得到了關(guān)系式組中未知系數(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)該關(guān)系式組的求解最終獲得蒸發(fā)系統(tǒng)的傳遞函數(shù)矩陣。仿真及實(shí)際過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用表明,采用的辨識(shí)方法具有較強(qiáng)的可實(shí)踐性,及良好的辨識(shí)效果。本文采用對(duì)角陣解耦法對(duì)兩輸入、兩輸出分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程進(jìn)行解耦,并得出了分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程解耦補(bǔ)償器的傳遞函數(shù)矩陣,通過(guò)該解耦補(bǔ)償器可使得本文研究的分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程的傳遞函數(shù)矩陣轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粚?duì)角矩陣,從而解除兩個(gè)控制回路之間的耦合,使分子蒸餾蒸發(fā)過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)完全解耦。針對(duì)解耦后等效過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)�？刂破�,將解耦器中的時(shí)滯項(xiàng)做了近似處理,再對(duì)近似后的解耦環(huán)節(jié)利用Maclaurin公式展開(kāi),得到了PID控制器的三個(gè)參數(shù),形成一套完整的多變量系統(tǒng)的解耦控制方案。利用該方法對(duì)本文第三章解耦后分子蒸餾系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明通過(guò)該方法得到的控制器具有良好的抗干擾性能和良好的魯棒性。且本文提供的控制器的設(shè)計(jì)步驟簡(jiǎn)潔明了,方便于工程應(yīng)用軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)。用C++語(yǔ)言在ADS1.2平臺(tái)上編寫了可在基于X86架構(gòu)CPU的PC上運(yùn)行的解耦控制軟件,該軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)一個(gè)兩輸入兩輸出過(guò)程的解耦環(huán)節(jié)及控制器參數(shù)的全自動(dòng)計(jì)算的功能。
[Abstract]:The evaporation process of molecular distillation has the characteristics of multivariable, strong coupling and large time delay. When the multiple control loops of the automatic control system work simultaneously, all the circuits have strong coupling characteristics and interact with each other. This coupling directly affects the control quality and stability of the molecular distillation evaporation process. In this paper, the mathematical model of the controlled object and the design of decoupling control system are established to reduce the interaction between multiple control loops and to improve the control performance and stability of the molecular distillation evaporation process. In order to effectively analyze the evaporation process in molecular distillation system, a multivariable system parameter identification method with delay link is presented in this paper. The idea of converting multivariable system identification problem into multiple single variable system identification problem is adopted to simplify the identification problem and the basis of this idea is given. Based on the response data of the identified process under the step excitation signal, the relational group is established, and the unknown coefficients in the relational group are obtained by applying Simpson Simpson's integral formula. Finally, the transfer function matrix of the evaporation system is obtained by solving the relation group. The simulation and practical application show that the proposed identification method has strong practicability and good identification effect. In this paper, two input and two output molecular distillation processes are decoupled by diagonal array decoupling method, and the transfer function matrix of decoupling compensator for molecular distillation evaporation process is obtained. By using the decoupling compensator, the transfer function matrix of the molecular distillation evaporation process studied in this paper can be transformed into a pair of angular matrices, so that the coupling between the two control loops can be uncoupled and the molecular distillation evaporation process can be completely decoupled. For the decoupled equivalent process, the internal model controller is designed. The delay-term in the decoupling is treated approximately, and then the decoupling link is expanded by Maclaurin formula, and the three parameters of the PID controller are obtained. A complete decoupling control scheme for multivariable systems is formed. The method is used to verify the decoupled molecular distillation system in chapter 3 of this paper. The experimental results show that the controller obtained by this method has good anti-interference performance and good robustness. The design steps of the controller provided in this paper are simple and clear, which is convenient for engineering application software. The decoupling control software which can be run on PC based on X86 CPU is written on ADS1.2 platform with C language. The software realizes the function of decoupling link of a two-input and two-output process and the automatic calculation of controller parameters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ028.61;TP273

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本文編號(hào)：1989429