本文選題：聚丙烯 + 生物質(zhì)　； 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,單純碳納米管的合成已經(jīng)比較成熟并在一些領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)替代傳統(tǒng)材料的目的,而對碳納米管基雜化材料的研究仍處于初級階段。由于雜化材料通常會體現(xiàn)出介于兩種材料之間的優(yōu)異性能甚至出現(xiàn)新的特性,因此,研究碳納米管基雜化材料具有重要的研究價值。本論文在一步裂解法催化高聚物合成碳納米管的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)合成出稻殼基生物質(zhì)炭-碳納米管雜化材料、珊瑚狀稻殼基-碳納米管雜化材料和纖維素接枝碳納米管的C-C雜化材料這三種新型碳基-碳納米管納米雜化材料;并探究了幾種新型材料的應(yīng)用性能。本文通過一步熱解PP/Ni-Mo-Mg/Cl-Rice-Char復(fù)合材料合成了稻殼基生物質(zhì)炭-碳納米管雜化材料。為了表征碳產(chǎn)物的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、相結(jié)構(gòu)、熱穩(wěn)定性和吸附性能,并探討Cl-Rice-Char與Ni-Mo-Mg的協(xié)同機(jī)理,分別應(yīng)用了掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM),透射電子顯微鏡(TEM),X射線衍射儀(XRD),拉曼光譜儀(Raman)、熱重分析儀(TGA)、氮?dú)馕?脫附測試、X射線光電子顯微鏡(XPS)等表征手段。研究結(jié)果表明:Cl-Rice-Char在復(fù)合材料的熱解過程中能與Ni-Mo-Mg催化劑產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用,加速PP的脫氫降解以生成CNTs;同時,能控制NH4Cl的釋放速率延長協(xié)同性能。當(dāng)添加5wt% Cl-Rice-Char時,碳產(chǎn)物形貌最佳。吸附試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該新型雜化材料的吸附能力高達(dá)452.5mg/g。本文利用控制變量法,探究了 Ni2O3/NH4Cl體系協(xié)效催化聚丙烯/稻殼共裂解制備生物質(zhì)基-碳納米管雜化材料的規(guī)律。并采用相應(yīng)的檢測手段,表征與分析了碳產(chǎn)物的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、相結(jié)構(gòu)、熱穩(wěn)定性。結(jié)果表明:Ni2O3、NH4Cl、稻殼三者之間,在最佳配比的情況下能夠產(chǎn)生協(xié)同作用,當(dāng)復(fù)合材料的配比為PP/5%Ni2O3/0.5%NH4Cl/10%稻殼時,一步熱解該復(fù)合材料能夠得到珊瑚狀稻殼基-碳納米管雜化材料。吸附試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,珊瑚狀稻殼基-碳納米管雜化材料的吸附能力良好。本文還通過Ni-Mo-Mg催化劑,催化熱解PP/Cellulose共混物合成了 C-C雜化材料(纖維素接枝碳納米管雜化材料)。應(yīng)用多種表征手段,對C-C雜化材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、相結(jié)構(gòu)及熱穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了分析。研究結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)各組分比例為PP/5%Ni-Mo-Mg/30%Cellulose時,熱解該復(fù)合材料可以獲得形態(tài)最佳的C-C雜化材料。在熱解的過程中,聚丙烯僅作為生長碳納米管的碳源,纖維素僅作為宏觀碳基質(zhì)的前驅(qū)體,Ni-Mo-Mg 催化劑的作用是催化聚丙烯脫氫降解并以纖維素碳基質(zhì)為母體,在缺陷處接枝生長碳納米管。
[Abstract]:At present, the synthesis of pure carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been mature and has achieved the purpose of replacing traditional materials in some fields. However, the research of CNTs based hybrid materials is still in the primary stage. Because hybrid materials usually exhibit excellent properties or even new properties between two kinds of materials, it is of great value to study carbon nanotube based hybrid materials. In this paper, based on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes by one-step pyrolysis method, the hybrid materials of rice husk based biomass carbon-carbon nanotubes were designed and synthesized. Coralline rice husk / carbon nanotube hybrid material and cellulose grafted carbon nanotube hybrid material are three new carbon-carbon nanotube hybrid materials, and the application properties of several new materials are studied. In this paper, rice husk based biomass carbon nanotube hybrid materials were synthesized by one step pyrolysis of PP/Ni-Mo-Mg/Cl-Rice-Char composites. In order to characterize the microstructure, phase structure, thermal stability and adsorption properties of carbon products, the synergistic mechanism of Cl-Rice-Char and Ni-Mo-Mg was discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRDX), Raman spectrometer (Ram), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption test (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPSs) were used. The results show that: Cl-Rice-Char can cooperate with Ni-Mo-Mg catalyst in the pyrolysis process of composites, accelerate the dehydrogenation degradation of PP to form CNTs, and control the release rate of NH4Cl to prolong the synergistic performance. When 5 wt% Cl-Rice-Char was added, the morphology of the carbon product was the best. The adsorption capacity of the new hybrid material is 452.5 mg / g. In this paper, the synergistic effect of Ni2O3/NH4Cl system on the co-cracking of polypropylene / rice husk to produce biomass-based carbon nanotube hybrid materials was studied by the method of controlling variables. The microstructure, phase structure and thermal stability of the carbon products were characterized and analyzed by the corresponding detection methods. The results showed that there could be synergistic effect among the three groups, the proportion of the rice husk was the best ratio. When the ratio of the composite was PP- / 5Ni2O3 / 0.5NH4Cl-10% rice husk, the coral-like rice husk matrix / carbon nanotube hybrid material could be obtained by one step pyrolysis of the composite. The adsorption test results showed that coralline rice husk-carbon nanotube hybrid materials had good adsorption capacity. C-C hybrid material (Cellulose grafted carbon nanotube hybrid material) was also synthesized by catalytic pyrolysis of PP/Cellulose blends over Ni-Mo-Mg catalyst. The microstructure, phase structure and thermal stability of C-C hybrid materials were analyzed by various characterization methods. The results show that the best morphology of C-C hybrid material can be obtained by pyrolysis of the composite when the ratio of each component is PP/5%Ni-Mo-Mg/30 llulose. During pyrolysis, polypropylene was only used as carbon source for growth of carbon nanotubes, and cellulose was used as the precursor of macroscopic carbon matrix, which was used as catalyst for dehydrogenation and degradation of polypropylene, and cellulose carbon matrix was used as matrix. Carbon nanotubes were grown by grafting at defects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TB33

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