本文選題：旋流接觸元件 + 壓降��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：化工行業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展使得傳統(tǒng)塔板難以滿足實際生產(chǎn)的需要,因此本文以高效率、高通量、高操作彈性為目標,在前人隔離降液結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢上,提出一種新型塔板元件——切流型旋流接觸元件。塔器內(nèi),氣體切向進入旋流元件,在葉片的導向和漸縮流道的加速作用下,形成高度的旋流流場；同時塔板上的液體由進液管直接導入旋流中心,被旋流流場分散破碎成液滴,在與氣相進行傳質(zhì)傳熱接觸的同時被分離至管壁,最終在氣相的推動下液體到達側(cè)縫后被甩出,從而實現(xiàn)塔板上氣液兩相先接觸后分離的過程。本文討論了最小流通面積與葉片參數(shù)的關(guān)系,利用三維建模軟件建立了不同參數(shù)的旋流接觸元件模型,并用商業(yè)軟件Fluent對其流場進行模擬,計算表明6個葉片的結(jié)構(gòu)具有更大的切向速度,且壓降適中,流場分布比較均勻；此外,在不引起旋流流場顯著變化的條件下,側(cè)縫的設(shè)計寬度為10mm,長度為65mm。本文根據(jù)模擬優(yōu)化結(jié)果,加工了新型元件,并搭建試驗平臺對其進行氣液兩相實驗,得到了壓降與操作參數(shù)的關(guān)系。實驗表明,壓降主要取決于氣相流量,且與流量的平方成線性關(guān)系,而液相流量的變化只引起壓降的小幅波動。然后,進一步的實驗收集了該旋流接觸元件的負荷性能曲線,表明其液相下限流量維持在較低水平,液相上限主要受側(cè)縫排液能力的限制,降液管液泛氣量在600 m3/h以上,而發(fā)生霧沫夾帶的氣量隨著液量的增大而逐漸降低。旋流接觸元件的閥孔動能因子的變化范圍在8.6～24.7之間,遠高于普通塔板；其氣相操作彈性大于2,液相的最大變化范圍可達20,分離效果良好,基本實現(xiàn)了提高處理量的要求。此外,針對特定工況,利用VOF模型進行了氣液兩相流場的模擬,結(jié)果顯示液相在進液管出口首先形成液膜,接著被撕裂吹散成不同粒徑的液滴的運動機制,并且發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生漏液的原因在于氣體無法將液膜運送至排液口所造成,并非流場旋流強度不足而導致,為后續(xù)優(yōu)化改進提供了參考。結(jié)合模擬和實驗結(jié)果,本文設(shè)計的切流型旋流接觸元件具有高通量、高彈性的特點。
[Abstract]:The continuous development of chemical industry makes it difficult for the traditional trays to meet the needs of actual production. Therefore, this paper aims at high efficiency, high throughput and high operating elasticity, and has the advantage of isolating the down-liquid structure. A new type of tray element-tangent swirl contact element is proposed. In the tower, the gas tangentially enters the swirl element and forms a high swirl flow field under the guide of the blade and the acceleration of the tapered passage. At the same time, the liquid on the tray is directly introduced into the swirl center by the inlet tube, and is dispersed into droplets by the swirl flow field. At the same time, the liquid was separated into the tube wall while the gas phase was in contact with the gas phase. Finally, the liquid reached the side slit and was thrown out under the promotion of the gas phase, thus realizing the process of the gas-liquid two-phase contact and then separating on the tray. In this paper, the relationship between the minimum flow area and the blade parameters is discussed. The swirl contact element model with different parameters is established by using 3D modeling software, and the flow field is simulated by commercial software Fluent. The results show that the six blades have larger tangential velocity, moderate pressure drop, and uniform flow field distribution. In addition, the design width and length of the side joint are 10mm and 65mm without significant variation of the swirl flow field. Based on the results of simulation and optimization, a new type of element was fabricated, and the gas-liquid two-phase experiment was carried out on a test platform, and the relationship between pressure drop and operating parameters was obtained. The experimental results show that the pressure drop mainly depends on the flow rate of the gas phase and is linearly related to the square of the flow rate, while the change of the flow rate of the liquid phase causes only a small fluctuation of the pressure drop. Then, the load performance curves of the hydrocyclone contact element are collected in further experiments. The results show that the lower liquid flow rate is maintained at a lower level, and the liquid upper limit is mainly limited by the side slit discharge capacity, and the liquid flooding volume of the downflow tube is above 600 m3 / h. However, the amount of gas entrainment decreases with the increase of liquid content. The variation range of the kinetic energy factor of the valve hole of the swirl contact element is between 8.6 and 24.7, which is much higher than that of the common tray, and the gas phase operation elasticity is more than 2, the maximum range of liquid phase variation can reach 20, the separation effect is good, and the requirement of increasing the processing capacity is basically realized. In addition, the VOF model is used to simulate the gas-liquid two-phase flow field. The results show that the liquid phase first forms a liquid film at the outlet of the liquid inlet and then is torn and dispersed into droplets of different sizes. It is also found that the leakage is caused by the gas being unable to transport the liquid film to the outlet, which is not caused by the insufficient swirl intensity of the flow field, which provides a reference for further optimization and improvement. Combined with the simulation and experimental results, the tangential swirl contact element designed in this paper has the characteristics of high throughput and high elasticity.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ053.5

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