本文選題：磷資源 + 濕法磷酸　； 參考：《地學(xué)前緣》2017年06期

【摘要】：人類活動對磷元素的地球化學(xué)過程具有重要影響。中國磷礦石儲量僅占世界總量的4.6%,且正面臨P_2O_5品位貧化、磷化工過程伴生稀土和氟資源浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重、副產(chǎn)磷石膏大量堆存污染環(huán)境以及地表水體磷污染等問題。今后一段時(shí)間內(nèi),二水物硫酸法仍將是濕法磷酸的主流工藝。磷礦伴生稀土和氟的高效回收利用,對于稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)和氟化工可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大戰(zhàn)略意義,關(guān)鍵在于突破現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)瓶頸,研發(fā)新的回收利用技術(shù)。磷化工過程實(shí)現(xiàn)硫資源的循環(huán)利用和清潔生產(chǎn),核心在于突破磷石膏制硫酸關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。磷石膏轉(zhuǎn)銨法制硫酸技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)模化工程應(yīng)用,可有效解決中國硫資源短缺問題,根除磷石膏大量堆存造成的環(huán)境污染;還將顯著減少硫鐵礦、石灰石等一次資源開采和溫室氣體CO_2排放。硅酸鈣晶種法回收污水中的磷,進(jìn)而加工為磷酸、磷肥等產(chǎn)品,則為減少一次磷資源消耗、實(shí)現(xiàn)磷資源的循環(huán)利用提供了可能。以污水磷回收制取磷酸二氫鉀技術(shù)為例,表明污水磷回收和磷石膏資源化利用對中國磷資源產(chǎn)業(yè)的綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大潛在價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Human activities play an important role in the geochemical process of phosphorus. China's phosphate ore reserves only account for 4.6% of the world total, and is facing the problems of poor P_2O_5 grade, serious waste of rare earths and fluorine resources associated with phosphorus chemical process, pollution of environment caused by large amount of phosphogypsum by-product and phosphorus pollution of surface water. In the future, sulphuric acid dihydrate will still be the mainstream process of wet phosphoric acid. The efficient recovery and utilization of rare earth and fluorine associated with phosphate rock is of great strategic significance for the sustainable development of rare earth industry and fluorine chemical industry. The key lies in breaking through the existing technical bottlenecks and developing new recovery and utilization technologies. The key to realize the recycling and clean production of sulfur resources in phosphorous chemical process is to break through the key technology of sulfuric acid production from phosphogypsum. The realization of large-scale engineering application of phosphorous gypsum conversion ammonium sulphuric acid technology can effectively solve the shortage of sulfur resources in China, eliminate the environmental pollution caused by mass accumulation of phosphogypsum, and reduce pyrite significantly. Limestone and other primary resources mining and greenhouse gas CO_2 emissions. It is possible to recover phosphorus from sewage by calcium silicate seed method and then process it into phosphoric acid, phosphate fertilizer and other products, which can reduce the consumption of primary phosphorus resources and realize the recycling of phosphorus resources. Taking the technology of producing potassium dihydrogen phosphate from sewage phosphorus recovery as an example, it is shown that the recovery of phosphorus from sewage and the utilization of phosphogypsum are of great potential value for the green sustainable development of China's phosphorus resource industry.
【作者單位】： 中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;昊青薪材(北京)技術(shù)有限公司;北京大學(xué)地球與空間科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)(2652015371,2-9-2011-267) 中國博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015M580915)
【分類號】：TQ126.3;TQ177.375
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本文編號：1900295